PUBLIC HEALTH ASSESSMENT
H.O.D. LANDFILL
ANTIOCH, LAKE COUNTY, ILLINOIS
Sequoit Industrial Park Facilities
A. Sequoit Industrial Park Facilities
1. Key Home Products/Quaker Industries/Cunningham Dump/Quaker Dump
The eastern area of the Sequoit Acres Industrial Park, located west of H.O.D. landfill is low-lying and was reportedly filled with refuse. Landfilling of unidentified wastes began around 1959, south of McMillen Road in the former Cunningham Dump, located in the current Quaker Industries Parking Lot. The Cunningham Dump closed in 1963, and the property, which corresponds to the "old" landfill area of H.O.D. Landfill, was later used for the disposal of the Village's municipal waste. Private waste disposal on the Quaker property in the same general area as the Cunningham Dump continued until 1965; however, the exact location of this disposal area is not known. Other landfill areas along Sequoit and Anita Avenues have been filled for industrial development.
Quaker Industries, Inc. manufactures wood and metal tray tables and utilizes hot and cold solvent processes. After landfilling began at H.O.D., Quaker built a storage warehouse over the covered refuse at the Cunningham Dump, which was sold to Malnekoff Closeouts in 1987. According to information supplied by Quaker to USEPA, the wastes generated from Quaker's operations included paint thinners, sludges, and lacquers. Supplemental permits for the H.O.D. Landfill allowed the disposal of Quaker paints, coolants, paint booth oversprays, and water soluble oil and stain. Correspondence between Quaker and the State of Illinois in the late 1960s indicated that the company discharged untreated industrial effluent to Sequoit Creek or the adjacent wetlands. Reportedly, the chemicals used in the Quaker manufacturing process were discharged via a currently existing pipe located near the southwestern corner of the H.O.D. site.
In 1988, Quaker obtained a National Pollution Discharge Effluent System (NPDES) permit for the discharge of approximately 30,000 gallons per day of non-contact cooling water to Sequoit Creek. Quaker has also reportedly stored drums of wastes at the plant. In 1980, Quaker applied for a RCRA permit for the storage of hazardous wastes, which was withdrawn in 1983. In 1984, USEPA informed Quaker that it did not require a permit for its storage operations, as it was a small quantity generator.
Potential contamination sources at the plant include floor drains, sanitary sewer discharges, and air emissions of VOCs (until 1980). The company has a history of underground storage tanks (USTs) on its property. Reportedly, a 10,000-gallon steel underground oil storage tank was installed around 1961 and was removed in 1989, due to non-use. A 200,000-gallon concrete underground water tank, for the operation of a sprinkler system was installed in 1964. It was last used in 1975. Another steel 500-750-gallon tank is reportedly used for the storage of used oil or water.
2. The Antioch Township Highway Department
The Antioch Township Highway Department has three registered USTs near the site. A 4,000-gallon unlined steel tank is used to store gasoline, and a 1,000-gallon unlined steel tank stores diesel fuel. The tanks have been painted to prevent corrosion. A third UST, of unspecified size has been unused since 1983. It is not known if it is painted.
3. Chicago Ink and Research Company, Inc.
Chicago Ink and Research Company, Inc. has been manufacturing industrial ink in the industrial park since 1956. Hazardous wastes generated by the company may include solvent washes and sludges, caustic washes and sludges, and water washes and sludges from cleaning equipment, soaps, and stabilizers containing chromium and lead. The company has a registered 60-gallon lined UST which is painted, but its contents are unknown.
4. Galdine Electronics, Inc.
Galdine Electronics, Inc., a manufacturer of printed electronic circuit boards has been operating in the industrial park since the late 1960s. Hazardous wastes generated by the company reportedly include methylene chloride, hydrochloric acid mixture, chromic acid solution, plating sludge, and a flammable liquid waste. Rinse water from their manufacturing processes is discharged into the Village of Antioch sanitary sewers.
5. Nu-Way Speaker Products, Inc.
Nu-Way Speaker Products, Inc., an affiliate of Galdine Electronics, Inc. was a former manufacturer of printed circuit boards in the industrial park. A non-hazardous spent copper etching solution by-product was generated during operations.
6. Major Industrial Truck, Inc.
Major Industrial Truck, Inc. has sold, serviced, and rented forklifts at the industrial park since around 1975. No products are manufactured on-site. The company has notified IEPA that it ships ignitable hazardous wastes to Safety Kleen Corporation in Elgin, Illinois for treatment and disposal.
7. Roll Foil Laminating, Inc.
Roll Foil Laminating, Inc. is present in the park, and in March of 1987, the company filed a Notification of Hazardous Waste Activity report with USEPA, which specified that the company generated less than 1,000 kilograms per month of non-halogenated solvents.
Source: Waste Management of Illinois, Inc.
Table 1. On-Site Groundwater Monitoring Well Contaminants.
| ORGANICS | ||||
| Chemical | Frequency of Detection | Concentration (ppb) | Comparison Value (ppb) | Source |
| Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) |
8/10 | ND-4,100* | 3 | CREG |
| Trichloroethene | 10/38 | ND-7 | 3 | CREG |
| 1,2-Dichloroethene (total) | 6/11 | ND-100 | 70 | LTHA** |
| GROUNDWATER HYDROPUNCH® | ||||
| Vinyl Chloride | 1/1 | 188.4 | 0.2 | EMEG (Chronic) Child |
| Cis-1,2 Dichloroethene | 1/1 | 110.3 | 70 | LTHA |
| INORGANICS | ||||
| Cadmium | 2/9 | ND-6 | 2 | EMEG (Chronic) |
| Manganese | 23/23 | ND-209 | 50 | RMEG |
| Arsenic | 1/7 | ND-5 | 3 | EMEG (Chronic) Child |
| Sodium | 24/25 | ND-57,400 | 20,000 | USEPA Guidance Level |
| Zinc | 107/112 | ND-4,640 | 3,000 | RMEG Child |
| Sulfate | 13/13 | ND-910,800 | 250,000 | SMCL |
| Boron | 127/127 | ND-388 | 100 | EMEG Child |
| ppb = parts per billion | ND = not detected | ® = Trademark name |
| est. = estimated concentration | * = also detected in blank | |
| ** = comparison value based on cis-1,2-dichloroethene | ||
(Sources: Ecology and Environment, 1989; Waste Management of Illinois, Inc., 1992; Warzyn, 1992; and 1980 Federal Register)
Table 2. Leachate Contaminants.
| Chemical | Concentration (ppb) |
| Benzene | ND-21 |
| Toluene | BDL-170 |
| Tetrachloroethene | ND-1.4 |
| cis-1,2-Dichloroethene | 0.5-0.6 |
| trans-1,2-Dichloroethene | 0.6-45 |
| 1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene | 11-72 |
| Trichloroethene | ND-0.6 |
| n-Propylbenzene | 1.9-6.3 |
| Naphthalene | 6.1-22.3 |
| 1,3,5-Trimethylbenzene | 3-12 |
| p-Isopropyltoluene | 1.3-13.8 |
| Isopropylbenzene | 2.5-5.7 |
| sec-Butylbenzene | 0.5-2.5 |
| Chlorobenzene | ND-2.6 |
| m-Dichlorobenzene | 8.2-10.0 |
| o-Xylene | 14.8-46.2 |
| m-Xylene | 29.8-103 |
| Ethyl benzene | 5.6-230 |
| o-Chlorotoluene | ND-6.0 |
| p-Dichlorobenzene | ND-31.2 |
| Methylene Chloride | ND-45 |
| 1,2-Dichloropropane | ND-10 |
ND = not detected ppb = parts per billion
(Sources: Ecology and Environment, 1989; and Warzyn, 1992)
Table 3. On-Site Subsurface Soil Contaminants.
|
|
Frequency of Detection |
|
Value (ppb)
|
|
| Di-n-butylphthalate | 8/13 | 120-1,400(est.)* | None | None |
| Bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate | 8/13 | 190-710* | 40 | RMEG (pica child) |
| Chrysene | 1/13 | ND-51 (est.) | None | None |
| Di-n-octylphthalate | 3/13 | ND-83 (est.) | None | None |
| 2-methylnaphthalene | 1/13 | ND-51 (est.) | None | None |
| Phenanthrene | 4/13 | ND-83 (est.) | None | None |
|
|
Frequency of detection |
(ppm) |
Value (ppm) |
|
| Arsenic | 9/13 | ND-12 | 0.4 | CREG |
| Beryllium | 9/13 | ND-1.2 | 0.2 | CREG |
| Chromium | 13/13 | 3.8-19 (est.) | 10 | RMEG** (pica child) |
| Cobalt | 12/13 | ND-13 | None | None |
| Copper | 13/13 | 7.3-31 | None | None |
| Lead | 13/13 | 8.9-16 (est.) | None | None |
| Manganese | 13/13 | 84-713 | 10 | RMEG (pica child) |
| Nickel | 13/13 | 8.7-40 | None | None |
| Vanadium | 13/13 | 4.9-65 | None | None |
| ppb = parts per billion | ppm = parts per million | * = also detected in blank |
| est. = estimated concentration | ** = based on Chromium (VI) | |
| (Source: Ecology and Environment, 1989) | ||
Table 4. Off-site Groundwater Monitoring Well Contaminants.
|
|
Frequency of Detection |
Concentration (ppb) |
Value (ppb)
|
|
| Benzene | 1/13 | ND-8 | 1 | CREG |
| Manganese | 7/8 | ND-282 | 50 | RMEG (Child) |
| Boron | 3/3 | 148-483 | 100 | EMEG (Inter.) Child |
| Sodium | 8/8 | 16,600-81,500 | 20,000 | USEPA Guidance Level |
| ppb = parts per billion | ND = not detected |
| (Sources: Ecology and Environment, 1989; Warzyn, 1992, and 1980 Federal Register) | |
Table 5. Antioch Public Water Supply Contaminants.
|
|
||||
|
|
Frequency of Detection | Concentration (ppb) | Comparison Value (ppb) |
|
| Tetrachloroethylene | 2/28 | ND-1.6 | 0.7 | CREG |
| Vinyl Chloride | 11/28 | ND-6.7 | 0.2 | EMEG (Chronic) Child |
|
|
||||
| Arsenic | 24/37 | ND-5 | 0.02 | CREG |
| Aluminum | 1/26 | ND-1364 | None | None |
| Boron | 36/36 | ND-460 | 100 | EMEG (Inter.) Child |
| Cobalt | 1/36 | ND-5 | None | None |
| Lead | 12/35 | ND-17 | 15 | USEPA Action Level |
| Sodium | 38/38 | 21,200-62,000 | 20,000 | USEPA Guidance Level |
| Thallium | 1/1 | ND-8.91 (est.)* | 0.4 | LTHA |
| ppb = parts per billion; | est. = estimated value; |
| ND = not detected; |
* = possible lab matrix problem - also detected in blank |
|
(Sources: IEPA files; Ecology and Environment, 1989; Warzyn, 1992; and 1980 Federal Register) |
|
Table 6. Private Well Contaminants.
|
|
Frequency of Detection |
Concentration (ppb) |
Comparison Value (ppb) |
|
| Arsenic | 1/7 | ND-2 (est.) | 0.02 | CREG |
| Sodium | 7/7 | 25,000-58,900 | 20,000 | USEPA Guidance Level |
| Thallium | 6/7 | ND-5.76 (est.)* | 0.4 | LTHA |
| ppb = parts per billion | est. = estimated concentration |
| ND = not detected | |
|
* = possible lab matrix problem - also detected in blank |
|
(Sources: Ecology and Environment, 1989; and 1980 Federal Register)
Table 7. Off-site Subsurface Soil Contaminants.
|
|
||||
|
|
Frequency |
|
|
|
| Di-n-butylphthalate | 25/31 | 290 (est.)-5500* | None | None |
| Bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate | 4/31 | ND-2400* (est.) | 40 | RMEG (pica child) |
| Di-n-octylphthalate | 5/31 | ND-67 (est.) | None | None |
| Benzo[a]anthracene | 1/31 | ND-65 (est.) | None | None |
| Benzo[b]fluoranthene | 2/31 | ND-57 (est.) | None | None |
| Benzo[k]fluoranthene | 1/31 | ND-69 (est.) | None | None |
| Indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene | 1/31 | ND-62 | None | None |
| Dibenzo[a,h]anthracene | 1/31 | ND-65 (est.) | None | None |
| Phenanthrene | 1/31 | ND-66 (est.) | None | None |
| Butylbenzylphthalate | 2/31 | ND-55 (est.) | None | None |
|
|
||||
|
|
Frequency |
|
|
|
| Arsenic | 18/31 | ND-20 | 0.4 | CREG (Chronic) |
| Beryllium | 18/31 | ND-1.3 | 0.2 | CREG |
| Chromium | 30/31 | ND-27 | 10 | RMEG (pica child) |
| Manganese | 31/31 | 168-708 (est.) | 10 | RMEG (pica child) |
| ND = not detected | est. = estimated concentration | |
| ppb = parts per billion | ppm = parts per million | * = also detected in laboratory blank |
|
(Source: Ecology and Environment, 1989) |
||
Table 8. H.O.D. Landfill Contaminants of Concern.
|
|
Concentration in |
Comparison Value (ppb) |
|
| Vinyl Chloride | ND-6.7; 188.4* | 0.2 | EMEG (Chronic) Child |
| Benzene | ND-8 | 1 | CREG |
| Thallium | ND-8.91 (est.)** | 0.4 | LTHA |
| Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate |
ND-4,100* | 3 | CREG |
| Sodium | ND-81,500 | 20,000 | USEPA Guidance Level |
| ND = not detected | ppb = parts per billion |
| (est.) = estimated concentration | * = hydropunch sample |
|
* * = also detected in blank |
|
|
||||||
| Pathway Name | Source | Environmental Media | Point of Exposure | Route of Exposure | Exposed Population | Time |
| Public wells | HOD | Groundwater (municipal water supply) | Residences and Businesses (taps) | Ingestion, Inhalation, Dermal Contact | Consumers of municipal well number 4 (estimated number of potential receptors = 4,400) |
Past, Present, Future |
| Private wells | HOD | Groundwater (private wells) |
Residences (taps) | Ingestion | Consumers of sampled private wells (estimated number of potential receptors = 50) | Past, Present, Future |
|
|
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| Pathway Name |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Biota | HOD | Biota | Sequoit Creek
Wetlands |
Ingestion | Fishermen, hunters, recreational users | Past, Present, Future |
| Surface Water | HOD | Surface Water | Sequoit Creek
Wetlands |
Dermal Contact, Ingestion | Fishermen, hunters, recreational users | Past, Present, Future |
| Sediment | HOD | Sediment | Sequoit Creek | Dermal Contact, Ingestion | Fishermen, hunters, recreational users, remediation personnel | Past, Present, Future |
| Soil Gas | HOD | Soil Gas | On- and off-site residences and buildings | Inhalation | Nearby residents, remediation personnel, trespassers | Past, Present, Future |
Figure 1. Location of HOD Landfill
Figure 2. Antioch Municipal Wells
Figure 5. Soil Boring Locations
Figure 6. Sequoit Industrial Park
Figure 7. Antioch Water System
