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REFERENCES

  1. Michigan Department of Environmental Quality. Brownfields Redevelopment Work Plan for Old Total Gas Station, Caro, Michigan. November 17, 1997.
    2.
  2. Michigan Department of Environmental Quality. Unpublished laboratory data. February 1998.


  3. Howard, A.J., MDNR ERD. Memorandum to ERD staff, subject: Environmental Response Division Operational Memorandum #14 Revision 2: Remedial Action Plans Using Generic Industrial or Generic Commercial Cleanup Criteria or Other Requirements. June 6, 1995.
  4. Howard, A.J., MDNR ERD. Memorandum to ERD staff, Subject: Interim Environmental Response Division Operational Memorandum #8, Revision 4: Generic Residential Cleanup Criteria. June 5, 1995.

  5. Michigan Department of Natural Resources, Waste Management Division. Michigan Background Soil Survey. Revised April 1991.

  6. Howard, A.J., MDEQ ERD. Memorandum to ERD staff, Subject: Part 201 Generic Soil Inhalation Criteria for Ambient Air: Addendum to Interim Operational Memoranda #8, Revision 4 (June 5, 1995) and #14, Revision 2 (June 6, 1995). April 29, 1997.

  7. Howard, A.J., MDEQ ERD. Draft Memorandum to ERD staff, Subject: Interim Generic Utility Worker Contact Criteria: Addendum to Interim Operational Memoranda #8, Revision 4 (June 5, 1995) and #14, Revision 2 (June 6, 1995). April 12, 1996.

  8. Kondakis, X.G., Makris, N., Leotsinidis, M., et al. Possible Health Effects of High Manganese Concentration in Drinking Water. Arch. Environ. Health,44, pp. 175-178. 1989.

  9. Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. Toxicological Profile for Manganese, Update, Draft for Public Comment. September 1997.

  10. Agencyfor Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. Toxicological Profile for Benzene, Update. September 1997.

  11. Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. Toxicological Profile for Toluene, Update. ATSDR/TP-93/14. May 1994.

  12. Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. Toxicological Profile for Xylenes, Update. August 1995.


  13. Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. Toxicological Profile for Acetone. ATSDR/TP-93/01. May 1994.


  14. Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. Toxicological Profile for Arsenic, Update. ATSDR/TP-92/02. April 1993.


  15. Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. Toxicological Profile for Cresols. ATSDR/TP-91/11. July 1992.


  16. Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. Toxicological Profile for Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate, Update. ATSDR/TP-92/05. April 1993.


  17. Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. Toxicological Profile for Ethylbenzene, Update, Draft for Public Comment. September 1997.


  18. Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. Toxicological Profile for Lead, Update, Draft for Public Comment. September 1997.


  19. Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. Toxicological Profile for Naphthalene, 1-Methylnaphthalene, and 2-Methylnaphthalene, Update. August 1995.


  20. Little, J.C. Applying the Two-Resistance Theory to Contaminant Volatilization in Showers. Environ. Sci. Technol., 26(7), 1341-1349. 1992.










     
Figure 1. Map of Old Total Gas Station

PREPARERS OF REPORT

Michigan Department of Community Health

John Filpus, Environmental Engineer

Robin Freer, Resource Specialist

James Bedford, Environmental Toxicologist

Brendan Boyle, Principal Investigator

ATSDR Regional Representative

Louise Fabinski

Regional Services, Region V

Office of the Assistant Administrator

ATSDR Technical Project Officer

William Greim

Division of Health Assessment and Consultation

Superfund Site Assessment Branch

CERTIFICATION

The Old Total Gas Station - Caro Health Consultation was prepared by the Michigan Department of Community Health under a cooperative agreement with the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR). It is in accordance with approved methodology and procedures existing at the time the health consultation was initiated.

William Greim
Technical Project Officer, SPS, SSAB, DHAC

The Division of Health Assessment and Consultation, ATSDR, has reviewed this health consultation and concurs with its findings.

Lisa C. Hayes
Chief, SPS, SSAB, DHAC, ATSDR


Table 1. Concentrations of chemicals found in surface soil samples collected from the Old Total Gas Station - Caro property by the MDEQ, December 1997.

Chemical Concentration

(ppm)

 No. of samples above MDEQ Industrial/Commercial Criteria (Ref. 3) No. of samples above MDEQ Residential Criteria (Ref. 4)
Maximum Median
acenaphthene 0.032 ND 0 0
acenaphthylene 0.022 ND 0 0
anthracene 0.086 0.0405 0 0
antimony 2.3 ND 0 0
arsenic 5.2 3.4 0 0
barium 50.7 30.7 0 0
benzene 0.004 0.002 0 0
benzo(a)anthracene 0.25 0.155 0 0
benzo(a)pyrene 0.25 0.165 0 0
benzo(b)fluoranthene 0.23 0.165 0 0
benzo(g,h,i)perylene 0.47 0.17 0 0
benzo(k)fluoranthene 0.24 0.175 0 0
beryllium 0.2 ND 0 0
butylbenzylphthalate 0.18 ND 0 0
cadmium 2.1 0.7 0 0
carbazole 0.056 0.036 0 0
gamma-chlordane 0.0013 ND 0 0
chromium 41.1 8.4 0 0
chrysene 0.27 0.17 0 0
cobalt 3.7 2.5 0 0
copper 15.8 7.6 0 0
cyanide 0.08 0.06 0 0
4,4'-DDD 0.0026 ND 0 0
4,4'-DDE 0.097 0.012 0 0
4,4'-DDT 0.38 0.043 0 0
di-n-butylphthalate 0.019 ND 0 0
dibenz(a,h)anthracene 0.04 ND 0 0
dieldrin 0.0092 ND 0 0
endrin aldehyde 0.0096 ND 0 0
ethylbenzene 0.005 0.003 0 0
fluoranthene 0.64 0.35 0 0
fluorene 0.04 ND 0 0
heptachlor epoxide 0.0039 ND 0 0
indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene 0.18 0.16 0 0
lead 268 108 0 0
manganese 214 158 0 0
mercury 0.1 0.06 0 0
2-methylnaphthalene 0.028 ND 0 0
naphthalene 0.019 ND 0 0
nickel 11.3 6.4 0 0
PCBs (total) 0.044 ND 0 0
phenanthrene 0.44 0.3 0 0
pyrene 0.53 0.31 0 0
toluene 0.037 0.022 0 0
vanadium 15.9 10.7 0 0
xylenes (total) 0.021 0.017 0 0
zinc 271 84 0 0

Reference: 2

ND --Not Detected in more than 50% of the samples

Table 2. Concentrations of chemicals found in subsurface soil samples collected from the Old Total Gas Station - Caro property by the MDEQ, December 1997.

Chemical Concentration

(ppm)

 No. of samples above MDEQ Industrial/Commercial Criteria (Ref. 3) No. of samples above MDEQ Residential Criteria (Ref. 4)
Maximum Median
acetone 14 ND 0 0
aldrin 0.0031 ND 0 0
antimony 0.8 ND 0 0
arsenic 5.5 3.6 0 1
barium 32.2 13.6 0 0
benzene 75 0.005 0 0
benzo(a)anthracene 0.019 ND 0 0
benzo(b)fluoranthene 0.019 ND 0 0
benzo(g,h,i)perylene 0.047 ND 0 0
beryllium 0.4 ND 0 0
delta-BHC 0.00059 ND 0 0
bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate 5.5 ND 0 0
2-butanone 0.004 ND 0 0
butylbenzylphthalate 0.054 ND 0 0
cadmium 0.8 0.5 0 0
alpha-chlordane 0.00098 ND 0 0
gamma-chlordane 0.0023 ND 0 0
chromium 13.5 6.95 0 0
chrysene 0.024 ND 0 0
cobalt 5.4 2.6 0 0
copper 11.4 7 0 0
cyanide 0.9 0.1 0 0
4,4'-DDD 0.0014 ND 0 0
4,4'-DDE 0.0024 ND 0 0
4,4'-DDT 0.0023 ND 0 0
di-n-octylphthalate 0.18 ND 0 0
dibenzofuran 0.61 ND 0 0
dieldrin 0.0007 ND 0 0
diethylphthalate 0.025 ND 0 0
2,4-dimethylphenol 0.88 ND 0 0
4,6-dinitro-2-methylphenol 0.95 ND 0 0
2,4-dinitrophenol 0.95 ND 0 0
endosulfan I 0.0013 ND 0 0
endrin ketone 0.00068 ND 0 0
ethylbenzene 160 0.0115 0 0
fluoranthene 0.04 ND 0 0
fluorene 2 ND 0 0
heptachlor epoxide 0.0014 ND 0 0
indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene 0.034 ND 0 0
lead 289 4.25 0 0
manganese 424 180.5 0 0
mercury 0.07 ND 0 0
methylene chloride 2.2 ND 0 0
2-methylnaphthalene 60 ND 0 0
2-methylphenol 0.022 ND 0 0
4-methylphenol 0.031 ND 0 0
naphthalene 40 ND 0 0
nickel 12.7 7 0 0
2-nitroaniline 0.95 ND 0 0
3-nitroaniline 0.95 ND 0 0
4-nitroaniline 0.95 ND 0 0
2-nitrophenol 0.95 ND 0 0
PCBs (total) 0.025 ND 0 0
pentachlorophenol 0.95 ND 0 0
phenanthrene 0.02 ND 0 0
phenol 0.029 ND 0 0
pyrene 0.035 ND 0 0
selenium 0.6 ND 0 0
tetrachloroethylene 0.43 ND 0 0
toluene 540 0.017 0 0
2,4,5-trichlorophenol 0.95 ND 0 0
vanadium 23 13.7 0 0
xylenes (total) 900 0.024 0 0
zinc 124 19.7 0 0

Reference: 2

ND --Not Detected in more than 50% of the samples

Table 3. Concentrations of chemicals found in groundwater samples collected from temporary monitoring wells on the Old Total Gas Station - Caro property by the MDEQ, December 1997.

Chemical Concentration

(ppb)

 No. of samples exceeding MDEQ Contact Criteria (Ref. 7) No. of samples exceeding U.S. EPA Drinking Water Standards (Ref. 4)
Maximum Median
acenaphthene 2 ND 0 0
acetone 3,800 650 0 3
arsenic 65.1 51.55 0 4
barium 330 156.5 0 0
benzene 17,000 5,100 2 6
bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate 19 0.85 0 1
cadmium 2.4 1.6 0 0
chromium 8.5 5.05 0 0
cobalt 16.1 7.45 0 0
copper 32.7 13.45 0 0
cyanide 2.7 1.6 0 0
dibenzofuran 2 ND 0 0
1,2-dichlorobenzene 6 ND 0 0
2,4-dimethylphenol 21 7.5 0 0
ethylbenzene 3,400 2,150 0 6
fluoranthene 1 ND 0 0
fluorene 48 3 0 0
lead 93.1 15.05 0 5
manganese 3,490 1,680 0 6
2-methylnaphthalene 3,800 250 0 0
2-methylphenol 42 18.5 0 0
4-methylphenol 84 30 0 2
naphthalene 2,600 545 0 5
nickel 16.3 13.95 0 0
phenanthrene 2 ND 0 0
phenol 69 22 0 0
pyrene 0.7 ND 0 0
toluene 28,000 10,950 0 6
vanadium 22.6 12.6 0 0
xylenes (total) 18,000 9,300 0 2
zinc 97.8 64.7 0 0

Reference: 2

ND --Not Detected in more than 50% of the samples

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