PETITIONED PUBLIC HEALTH ASSESSMENT ADDENDUM
SHAFFER EQUIPMENT COMPANY
MINDEN, FAYETTE COUNTY, WEST VIRGINIA
TABLE 5. OFF-SITE SEDIMENT CONTAMINATION IN ARBUCKLE CREEK
| CONTAMINANT | SEDIMENT | REFERENCES | COMPARISON VALUE (mg/kg) AND SOURCE |
|||
| CONCENTRATIONS (mg/kg) | ||||||
| UPSTREAM OF SEC | DOWNSTREAM OF SEC | |||||
| maximum | minimum | lowest positive | maximum | |||
| VOLATILES | ||||||
| methylene chloride |
ND
|
ND
|
ND
|
ND
|
40
|
93, CREG, "B2" |
| acetone |
0.160B
|
ND
|
0.033B
|
0.033B
|
40
|
5000, Rfd |
| 1,1-dichloroethane |
ND
|
ND
|
ND
|
ND
|
40
|
Est 5000, RFD, "C" |
| 1,1,1-trichloroethane |
ND
|
ND
|
ND
|
ND
|
40
|
Est 4500, Rfd, "3" |
| SEMIVOLATILES |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| phenol |
ND
|
ND
|
ND
|
ND
|
40
|
30000, Rfd |
| 1,4-dichlorobenzene |
0.630
|
ND
|
0.140J
|
0.150
|
40
|
Est 29, oral slope, "C" |
| 4-methylphenol |
ND
|
ND
|
ND
|
ND
|
40
|
Est 2500, Rfd |
| benzoic acid |
ND
|
ND
|
ND
|
ND
|
40
|
200000, Rfd |
| 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene |
ND
|
ND
|
0.160J
|
0.160J
|
40
|
Est 500, Rfd |
| napthalene |
0.059J
|
ND
|
ND
|
ND
|
40
|
Est 2000, Rfd, "D" |
| 4-chloroaniline |
0.940
|
ND
|
ND
|
ND
|
40
|
200, Rfd |
| 2-methylnaphthalene |
0.240J
|
0.066
|
0.066J
|
0.098J
|
40
|
N/A |
| acenaphthylene |
ND
|
ND
|
ND
|
ND
|
40
|
N/A |
| acenaphthene |
0.094J
|
ND
|
0.047J
|
0.047J
|
40
|
3000, Rfd |
| dibenzofuran |
0.100J
|
ND
|
ND
|
ND
|
40
|
N/A |
| fluorene |
0.140
|
ND
|
0.064J
|
.064J
|
40
|
2000, Rfd, "D" |
| pentachlorophenol |
ND
|
ND
|
ND
|
ND
|
40
|
5.8, CREG, "B2" |
| phenanthrene |
1.300
|
0.096J
|
0.096J
|
0.600J
|
40
|
Est 1500, Rfd |
| anthracene |
0.290J
|
ND
|
0.087J
|
0.100J
|
40
|
15000, Rfd |
| fluoranthene |
2.100
|
0.110J
|
0.110J
|
0.830
|
40
|
2000, Rfd, "3" |
| pyrene |
2.000
|
0.099J
|
0.099J
|
0.750
|
40
|
1500, Rfd, "3" |
| butylbenzyl phthalate |
0.280J
|
ND
|
0.051J
|
0.051J
|
40
|
10000, Rfd, "3" |
| benzo(a)anthracene |
0.870
|
0.048J
|
0.048J
|
0.330J
|
40
|
Est 0.83, oral slope, "B2" |
| chrysene |
1.100
|
0.082J
|
0.082J
|
0.390J
|
40
|
Est 27, oral slope, "B2" |
| bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate |
4.000
|
0.270J
|
0.270J
|
1.000
|
40
|
50, CREG, "B2" |
| di-n-octyl phthalate |
0.170J
|
ND
|
0.066J
|
0.066J
|
40
|
N/A |
| benzo(b)fluoranthene |
1.400
|
0.065J
|
0.065J
|
0.400J
|
40
|
Est 0.86, oral slope, "B2" |
| benzo(k)fluoranthene |
0.970
|
ND
|
0.240J
|
0.270J
|
40
|
Est 1.83, oral slope, "B2" |
| benzo(a)pyrene |
0.830J
|
0.056J
|
0.056J
|
0.310
|
40
|
Est 0.12, CREG, "B2" |
| indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene |
0.370J
|
ND
|
0.140J
|
0.140J
|
40
|
Est 0.52, oral slope, "B2" |
| dibenz(a,h)anthracene |
ND
|
ND
|
ND
|
ND
|
40
|
Est 0.11, oral slope, "B2" |
| benzo(g,h,i)perylene |
0.290
|
ND
|
0.110J
|
0.130J
|
40
|
Est 5.46, oral slope, "3" |
| PCBs |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| aroclor 1260 |
ND
|
ND
|
5.200
|
5.200
|
40
|
0.091, CREG, "B2" |
Sampling date for all samples is March 1990.
Upstream sample size = 2 (Sample numbers
CDF47, CDF48)
Downstream sample size = 3 (Sample numbers
CDF49, CDF50, CDF51)
ug/kg = micrograms per kilograms
B = Not detected substantially above the level reported
in laboratory or field blanks.
J = Analyte present. Reported value may not be accurate
or precise.
ND = Not detected.
N/A = Currently none available
"B2" = EPA classified probable human carcinogen
"C" = EPA classified possible human carcinogen
"D" = EPA--inadequate data to evaluate carcinogencity
"3" = IARC Group--not classifiable as to carcinogenicity
Est = Estimated comparison value from
Rfd or oral slope factor
minimum = Lowest concentration of contaminant sampled
for all evaluated samples in the table.
lowest positive = If a contaminant is detected, this
would be the lowest concentration found for the contaminant that is above "not
detected".
maximum = Maximum concentration of contaminant detected
for all evaluated samples in the table.
TABLE 6. PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES RAW WATER
SOURCE CONTAMINATION
| CONTAMINANT | PUBLIC RAW WATER SOURCE INTAKES | REFERENCES | COMPARISON VALUE (ug/l) AND SOURCE |
|
| MAXIMUM CONCENTRATIONS (ug/l) | ||||
| ROCKLICK MINE | MINDEN MINE | |||
| VOLATILES |
|
|
|
|
| methylene chloride |
2.00B
|
2.00B
|
40
|
4.7, CREB, "B2" |
| acetone |
ND
|
ND
|
40
|
1000, Rfd |
| 1,1-dichloroethane |
ND
|
ND
|
40
|
Est 1000, Rfd, "C" |
| 1,1,1-trichloroethane |
ND
|
ND
|
40
|
200, LTHA, "3" |
| SEMIVOLATILES |
|
|
|
|
| phenol |
ND
|
ND
|
40
|
6000, Rfd |
| 1,4-dichlorobenzene |
ND
|
ND
|
40
|
75, LTHA, "C" |
| 4-methylphenol |
ND
|
ND
|
40
|
Est 500, Rfd |
| benzoic acid |
ND
|
ND
|
40
|
40000, Rfd |
| 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene |
ND
|
ND
|
40
|
9 LTHA |
| napthalene |
ND
|
ND
|
40
|
20, LTHA, "D" |
| 4-chloroaniline |
ND
|
ND
|
40
|
40, Rfd |
| 2-methylnapthalene |
ND
|
ND
|
40
|
N/A |
| acenaphthylene |
ND
|
ND
|
40
|
N/A |
| acenaphthene |
ND
|
ND
|
40
|
600, Rfd |
| dibenzofuran |
ND
|
ND
|
40
|
N/A |
| fluorene |
ND
|
ND
|
40
|
400, Rfd, "D" |
| pentachlorophenol |
ND
|
ND
|
40
|
0.029, CREG, "B2" |
| phenanthrene |
ND
|
ND
|
40
|
Est 290, Rfd |
| anthracene |
ND
|
ND
|
40
|
3000, Rfd |
| fluoranthene |
ND
|
ND
|
40
|
400, Rfd, "3" |
| pyrene |
ND
|
ND
|
40
|
300, Rfd, "3" |
| butylbenzyl phthalate |
ND
|
ND
|
40
|
2000, Rfd, "3" |
| benzo(a)anthracene |
ND
|
ND
|
40
|
0.1, PMCL, "B2" |
| chrysene |
ND
|
ND
|
40
|
0.2, PMCL, "B2" |
| bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate |
ND
|
ND
|
40
|
2.5, CREG, "B2" |
| di-n-octyl phthalate |
ND
|
ND
|
40
|
N/A |
| benzo(b)fluoranthene |
ND
|
ND
|
40
|
0.2, PMCL, "B2" |
| benzo(k)fluoranthene |
ND
|
ND
|
40
|
0.2, PMCL, "B2" |
| benzo(a)pyrene |
ND
|
ND
|
40
|
0.2, PMCL, "B2" |
| ideno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene |
ND
|
ND
|
40
|
0.4, PMCL, "B2" |
| dibenz(a,h)anthracene |
ND
|
ND
|
40
|
0.3, PMCL, "B2" |
| benzo(g,h,i)perylene |
ND
|
ND
|
40
|
Est 0.273, oral slope, "3" |
| PCBs |
|
|
|
|
| aroclor 1260 |
ND
|
ND
|
40
|
0.0045, CREG, "B2" |
Sampling date for all samples is March 1990 (Sample numbers CDF45, CDF46).
ug/l = micrograms per liter
B = Not detected substantially above the level reported
in laboratory or field blanks.
ND = Not detected.
Est = Estimated comparison value from
Rfd or oral slope factor
"B2" = EPA classified probable human carcinogen
"C" = EPA classified possible human carcinogen
"D" = EPA--inadequate data to evaluate carcinogencity
"3" = IARC Group--not classifiable as to carcinogenicity
maximum = Maximum concentration of contaminant detected
for all evaluated samples in the table.
TABLE 7. OFF-SITE PCB SURFACE SOIL CONTAMINATION
| SAMPLE NUMBER | SURFACE SOIL | REFERENCES | COMPARISON VALUE (ppm) AND SOURCE |
| PCB CONCENTRATIONS (ppm) | |||
| maximum | |||
| M101 |
20.4
|
## | 0.091, CREG, "B2" |
| M102 |
64.4
|
||
| M103 |
ND
|
||
| M104 |
1.6
|
||
| M105 |
ND
|
||
| M106 |
3.1
|
||
| M201 |
8.4
|
||
| M202 |
ND
|
||
| M301 |
ND
|
||
| M302 |
ND
|
||
| M303 |
ND
|
||
| M304 |
ND
|
||
| M401 |
ND
|
||
| M402 |
ND
|
||
| M403 |
1.9
|
||
| M404 |
ND
|
||
| M405 |
ND
|
||
| M501 |
2.7
|
||
| M502 |
1.2
|
||
| M503 |
ND
|
||
| M504 |
ND
|
||
| M505 |
ND
|
||
| M601 |
1.4
|
||
| M601 |
ND
|
||
| M603 |
ND
|
||
| M604 |
ND
|
||
| M605 |
1.6
|
||
| M606 |
ND
|
||
| M701 |
ND
|
||
| M702 |
ND
|
||
| M703 |
1.5
|
||
| M704 |
ND
|
||
| M705 |
ND
|
||
| M706 |
ND
|
||
| M707 |
ND
|
||
| M708 |
ND
|
||
| M709 |
ND
|
||
| M710 |
ND
|
Sampling date is unknown.
## -- Sampling data are from the report
"Community Health and PCB Exposure in Minden, West Virginia dated September
1990, a Virginia Student Environmental Health Project Intern Report.
ppm = parts per million = mg/kg = milligrams per kilograms
ND = Not detected
"B2" = EPA classified probable human carconogen
maximum = Maximum concentration of contaminant detected
Sample levels adjusted to dry weight
Sample levels not adjusted for % recovery, actual levels
are slightly higher
TABLE 8. ON-SITE PCB SURFACE SOIL CONTAMINATION
INCLUDING RESAMPLE OF MARCH 1990 LOCATIONS
| CONTAMINANT | SURFACE SOIL | REFERENCES | COMPARISON VALUE (mg/kg) AND SOURCE |
||
| CONCENTRATIONS (mg/kg) | |||||
| minimum | lowest positive | maximum | |||
| PCBs | |||||
| aroclor 1260 | 0.148 |
0.148
|
538.920
|
12
|
0.091, CREG, "B2" |
Sampling date for all samples is May 1990 (14 samples).
mg/kg = milligrams per kilograms
minimum = Lowest concentration of contaminant sampled
for all evaluated samples in the table.
lowest positive = If a contaminant is detected, this
would be the lowest concentration found for the contaminant
that is above "not detected".
maximum = Maximum concentration of contaminant detected
for all evaluated samples in the table.
"B2" = EPA classified probable human carconogen
TABLE 9. ON-SITE PCB SEDIMENT CONTAMINATION
RESAMPLE OF MARCH 1990 LOCATIONS
| CONTAMINANT | SEDIMENT | REFERENCES | COMPARISON VALUE (mg/kg) AND SOURCE |
|
| MAXIMUM CONCENTRATIONS (mg/kg) | ||||
| BLDG AREA DRAINAGE DITCH | EXCAVATED AREA DRAINAGE DITCH | |||
| PCBs | ||||
| aroclor 1260 | 112.1 | 39.2 |
12
|
0.091, CREG, "B2" |
Sampling date for all samples is May 1990 (Sample numbers
CDF35 and CDF36 in March compared with sample numbers S08 and S04).
Bldg Area Drainage Ditch =
Sample S0-8
Excavated Area Drainage Ditch = Sample
S0-4
mg/kg = milligrams per kilograms
maximum = Maximum concentration of contaminant detected
for all evaluated samples in the table.
"B2" = EPA classified probable human carcinogen
TABLE 10. ON-SITE PCB SOIL CONTAMINATION
PRIOR TO AND DURING REMOVAL ACTIONS
| CONTAMINANT | SURFACE SOIL | REFERENCES | COMPARISON VALUE (mg/kg) AND SOURCE |
||
| CONCENTRATIONS (mg/kg) | |||||
| minimum | lowest positive | maximum | |||
| PCBs | |||||
| aroclor 1260 | ND |
0.30
|
10500
|
42
|
0.091, CREG, "B2" |
Sampling date for all samples is November 1990 (58 samples).
mg/kg = milligrams per kilograms
ND = Not detected
minimum = Lowest concentration of contaminant sampled
for all evaluated samples in the table.
lowest positive = If a contaminant is detected, this
would be the lowest concentration found for the contaminant
that is above "not detected".
maximum = Maximum concentration of contaminant detected
for all evaluated samples in the table.
"B2" = EPA classified probable human carcinogen
TABLE 11. ON-SITE PCB SOIL CONTAMINATION
AFTER REMOVAL ACTIONS
| CONTAMINANT | SURFACE SOIL | REFERENCES | COMPARISON VALUE (mg/kg) AND SOURCE |
||
| CONCENTRATIONS (mg/kg) | |||||
| minimum | lowest positive | maximum | |||
| PCBs | |||||
| aroclor 1260 | 0.44 |
0.44
|
1020
|
42
|
0.091, CREG, "B2" |
Sampling date for all samples is January 1991 [9 composite samples and (composites were made up of 5 or 7 samples from a related area)]
mg/kg = milligrams per kilograms
minimum = Lowest concentration of contaminant sampled
for all evaluated samples in the table.
lowest positive = If a contaminant is detected, this
would be the lowest concentration found for the contaminant
that is above "not detected".
maximum = Maximum concentration of contaminant detected
for all evaluated samples in the table.
"B2" = EPA classified probable human carconogen
Table 12. PCB Levels in Serum and Adipose
Tissue of Selected Populations
|
Blood Serum (ppb)*
|
# Adipose Tissue (ppm)
|
Group Tested
|
||||||
|
Number
|
Mean
|
Median
|
Range
|
Mean
|
Median
|
Range
|
Reference
|
|
| Present Transformer Workers |
35
|
53.7
|
43.7
|
4.3 - 253
|
5.4
|
3.2
|
0.03 - 58
|
Fait(34)
|
| Past Transformer Workers |
17
|
38.6
|
30.0
|
1.5 - 143
|
1.2
|
0.8
|
0.08-3.1
|
|
| Unexposed Comparison Group |
56
|
20.0
|
16.1
|
0.5 - 181
|
1.5
|
0.9
|
0.0008-20
|
|
|
|
||||||||
| Currently Exposed |
37
|
12.2
|
12.0
|
<1.0 - 300
|
2.08
|
2.20
|
<0.2 - 33
|
Emmett
|
| Exposed in the Past |
17
|
5.9
|
7.0
|
<1.0 - 30
|
0.83
|
0.75
|
0.3 - 5.1
|
(35)
|
| Comparison Group |
54
|
4.6
|
6.0
|
<1.0 - 15
|
0.60
|
0.60
|
<0.2-3.0
|
|
|
|
||||||||
| Canton, MA: Volunteer |
10
|
7.1
|
1 - 18
|
Kreiss
|
||||
| Jefferson, OH: Volunteers |
59
|
5.8
|
1 - 45
|
1985
|
||||
| Fairmont, WV: Volunteers |
40
|
6.7
|
1 - 23
|
(32)
|
||||
| Norwood, MA: Volunteers |
990
|
4.9
|
2 - 30
|
|||||
|
|
||||||||
| Michigan PBB Cohort |
1631
|
7.7
|
<1 - 57
|
Kreiss(30)
|
||||
|
|
||||||||
| Michigan 4 years olds |
Jacobson
|
|||||||
| Fish Exposure |
205
|
4.18
|
1 - 19.4
|
(37)
|
||||
| Farm Exposure |
80
|
4.82
|
1 - 23.3
|
|||||
|
|
||||||||
| Monroe. LA: 1980 |
8
|
1.04
|
0.38-2.33
|
Jensen
|
||||
| Monroe, LA: 1984 |
10
|
1.23
|
0.65-1.96
|
(38)
|
||||
|
|
||||||||
# Adipose Tissue = Fat
* Note: Serum levels are in parts per billion (ppb) and adipose
tissue levels are in parts per million (ppm). One part per million is 1000 parts
per billion.
Table 13. Environmental and Serum Levels
of PCBs in Areas where Exposure Assessment was done
Adapted from Stehr-Green, Burse, and Welty, 1988. (39)
|
On Site
|
Off Site
|
Potentially Exposed Population
|
||||||||
| Location | Soil (ppm) | Surface Water (ppb) | Soil (ppm) | Surface Water (ppb) | Food Chain | # | Range (ppb) | Mean* | % < 20ppb | Notes |
|
|
||||||||||
|
Sebastian, AR
|
Contaminated oils sprayed in residential
area.
|
133,000
|
NA
|
NA
|
20
|
2-11
|
5.8
|
100
|
||
|
|
||||||||||
|
Wayne, GA
|
3,436
|
1.5
|
149
|
8.5 (rainwater runoff)
|
NA
|
16
|
3-348
|
20.9
|
69
|
Total Group
|
|
4
|
3-11
|
5.1
|
100
|
Nonworkers only
|
||||||
|
|
||||||||||
|
Monroe, IN
|
330,000
|
18 (water)
|
3,500
|
12.2
|
200 (fish)
|
61
|
3-75
|
10.9
|
80
|
Total Group
|
|
(3 sites)
|
520 (sediment)
|
51
|
3-51
|
9.0
|
90
|
Nonworkers only
|
||||
|
55
|
3-47
|
9.0
|
84
|
Random Sample
|
||||||
|
|
||||||||||
|
Newport, MA
|
99,000
|
400 (storm sewer)
|
NA
|
6,100 (water)
|
730 (fish)
|
51
|
2-343
|
18.1
|
65
|
Total Group
|
|
22,000 (sediment)
|
66,500 (sediment)
|
42
|
2-68
|
12.9
|
79
|
Nonworkers only
|
||||
|
|
||||||||||
|
Norfolk, MA
|
220,000
|
NA
|
3
|
350,000 (sediment)
|
NA
|
90
|
1-30
|
4.2
|
99
|
Total Group
|
|
89
|
1-13
|
4.1
|
100
|
Nonworkers only
|
||||||
|
|
||||||||||
|
Ashtabula, OH
|
NA
|
8,390,000 (sludge)
|
0.1
|
7.0
|
1.9 (plants)
|
59
|
1-45
|
4.4
|
97
|
Total group
|
|
57
|
1-15
|
4.1
|
100
|
Nonworkers
|
||||||
|
|
||||||||||
|
Allegheny, PA
|
32,000
|
NA
|
1,106
|
300,000 (sediment)
|
NA
|
9
|
ND-5
|
2.7
|
100
|
Includes 5 children
|
|
|
||||||||||
|
Chester, PA
|
36,000 (soil)
|
NA
|
6,400
|
86,000 (sediment)
|
6.6
|
23
|
1-79
|
5.9
|
91
|
Total Group
|
|
420,000 (work area)
|
22
|
1-31
|
5.3
|
95
|
Nonworkers only
|
|||||
|
66
|
1-24
|
4.4
|
92
|
Random Sample
|
||||||
|
|
||||||||||
|
Pickens, SC
|
NA
|
77,200 (sludge)
|
130
|
0.9
|
0.3 (vegetables)
|
27
|
ND-30
|
2.6
|
96
|
Quantitated as Aroclor 1254
|
|
PCBs discharged into area surface waters.
|
22,080 (sediment)
|
15 (fish)
|
||||||||
|
|
||||||||||
|
Marion, WV
|
22,226
|
NA
|
205
|
17
|
1.7 (chicken)
|
24
|
1-23
|
5.0
|
96
|
|
|
|
||||||||||
NA
= Results not available or samples not collected
ND = Result below detection levels
* = Means are geometric. Non-detectable serum concentrations
were assumed to be 1/2 the detection limit for calculation geometric means.
| PATHWAY NAME | EXPOSURE PATHWAY ELEMENTS | TIME | ||||
| SOURCE COCs | MEDIA | POINT OF EXPOSURE | ROUTE OF EXPOSURE | EXPOSED POPULATION | ||
| COMPLETED EXPOSURE PATHWAYS | ||||||
| On-site workers | PCB oils | Air, Direct contact | Plant operations | Dermal, Inhalation, Ingestion | SEC workers, estimated 30-50 and worker's families | Past |
| Off-site soils, sediments | PCB | Residential yards, Arbuckle Creek sediments | Arbuckle Creek | Inhalation, Dermal, Ingestion |
Children playing in yards, creek- unknown number and frequency of exposure | Past, Present, Future |
| POTENTIAL EXPOSURE PATHWAYS | ||||||
| Off-site use of PCB contaminated oil as fuel | PCB contaminated oils, PCDD/PCDF | Air, Direct contact |
Handling, Incomplete burning of PCB contaminated oil |
Inhalation, Dermal, Ingestion |
Off-site residences-unknown number | Past |
| On-site use of PCB contaminated oil as fuel in SEC building | PCB contaminated oils, PCDD/PCDF | Air Direct contact |
Handling, Incomplete burning of PCB contaminated oil |
Inhalation, Dermal, Ingestion |
SEC workers, estimated 30-50 | Past |
| Food chain | PCB contaminated snapping turtles | Turtle meat | Cooking for human consumption | Ingestion | Persons eating turtles- unknown number | Past, Present, Future |
| On-site SEC surface soils, sediment | PCB contaminated soils, sediment | Soil, Sediment, Fugitive dust |
Contaminated SEC soils, sediment | Inhalation, Dermal contact, Ingestion |
Trespassers- unknown number and unknown activities, On-site workers |
Past, Present, Future |
| SEC Equipment Building | PCB, PCDD/PCDF |
Air, Dust |
Inside Building surfaces | Inhalation, Dermal, Ingestion |
Workers- unknown number | Past, Present, Future |
| ELIMINATED EXPOSURE PATHWAYS | ||||||
| Remedial workers | PCB | Soil, Air, Sediments |
Remedial activities | Inhalation, Dermal, Ingestion |
Remedial workers-unlikely because appropriate safety measures required for on-site activities | Past, Present, Future |
| Food chain | PCB | Fish, farm animals, gardens | Arbuckle Creek | Ingestion | No fish, farm animals, gardens exist | Past, Present, future |
COCs = Contaminants of concern
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