PUBLIC HEALTH ASSESSMENT
LORING AIR FORCE BASE
LIMESTONE, AROOSTOOK COUNTY, MAINE
| Category | Definition | Criteria |
| A. Urgent public health hazard | This category is used for sites that pose an urgent public health hazard as the result of short-term exposures to hazardous substances. | • evidence exists that exposures have occurred, are occurring,
or are likely to occur in the future AND • estimated exposures are to a substance(s) at concentrations in the environment that, upon short-term exposures, can cause adverse health effects to any segment of the receptor population AND/OR • community-specific health outcome data indicate that the site has had an adverse impact on human health that requires rapid intervention AND/OR • physical hazards at the site pose an imminent risk of physical injury |
| B. Public health hazard | This category is used for sites that pose a public health hazard as the result of long-term exposures to hazardous substances. | • evidence exists that exposures have occurred, are occurring,
or are likely to occur in the future AND • estimated exposures are to a substance(s) at concentrations in the environment that, upon long-term exposures, can cause adverse health effects to any segment of the receptor population AND/OR • community-specific health outcome data indicate that the site has had an adverse impact on human health that requires intervention |
| C. Indeterminate (potential) public health hazard | This category is used for sites with incomplete information. | • limited available data do not indicate that humans
are being or have been exposed to levels of contamination that would be
expected to cause adverse health effects; data or information are not available
for all environmental media to which humans may be exposed AND • there are insufficient or no community-specific health outcome data to indicate that the site has had an adverse impact on human health |
| D. No apparent public health hazard | This category is used for sites where human exposure to contaminated media is occurring, has occurred in the past, (or could occur in the future), but the exposure is below, (or expected to be below), a level of health hazard. | • exposures do not exceed an ATSDR chronic MRL or other
comparable value AND • data are available for all environmental media to which humans are being exposed AND • there are no community-specific health outcome data to indicate that the site has had an adverse impact on human health |
| E. No public health hazard | This category is used for sites that do not pose a public health hazard. | • no evidence of current or past human exposure to contaminated
media AND • future exposures to contaminated media are not likely to occur AND • there are no community-specific health outcome data to indicate that the site has had an adverse impact on human health |
APPENDIX B
Site Status for Loring Air Force Base Installation Restoration Program
The following appendix was not available in electronic format for conversion to HTML at the time of preparation of this document. To obtain a hard copy of the document, please contact:
Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry
Division of Health Assessment and Consultation
Attn: Chief, Program Evaluation, Records, and Information Services Branch, E-56
1600 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, Georgia 30333
Risk Calculations for Ingesting Fish from Waters on or near Loring AFB:
Exposure Parameters and Values Used to Calculate Risks for
Fish Ingestion
| EXPOSURE PARAMETER | SYMBOL | VALUE | UNITS |
| Concentration in Fish Filet | CFF | Average | mg/kg |
| Ingestion Rate - Adult | IRA | 0.227 | kg/meal |
| Body Weight - Adult | BWA | 70 | kg |
| Exposure Frequency | EF | 52 | meals/year |
| Exposure Duration - Adult | EDA | 24 | years |
| Averaging Time, Cancer | AT | 70 | years |
To evaluate the cancer risk from ingesting fish from the Little Madawaska River (LMR):
CR = Intake x CSF; where CSF denotes Cancer Slope Factor, and
CR denotes cancer risk
| Intake = |
CFF x IRA x EF x EDA
BWA x AT x 365 days/year |
| Intake = |
0.652 x 0.227 x 52 x 24
70 x 70 x 365 |
| Intake = |
1.0 x 10-4 mg/kg-day
|
For a CSF of 4.95 (mg/kg-day)-1, CR = 1.0 x 10-4 x 4.95 = 4.95 x 10-4
This is 50 times the acceptable risk of 1 x 10-5. Since the risk value was calculated based on an ingestion rate of 52 meals/year, eating one fish meal exposes an adult to the total acceptable risk for the entire year under Maine Department of Environmental Protection guidelines. The risk for children is lower because the smaller fish meal portion taken and the shorter exposure duration more than compensate for lower body weight.
The RMCRs (recommended maximum consumption rates) in meals per year are shown in the table on the following page for fish from the Little Madawaska River and certain other surface water bodies on or near the Loring installation. R in the equation represents the acceptable risk of 1 x 10-5.
Recommended Maximum Consumption Rates (RMCRs) for Trout-Filet
Meals from
Individuals Taken from Selected Surface Waters in the Greenlaw Brook Drainage
System and under the Fish Advisory
| Surface-water Body | Risk Driver | Average Concentration of Risk Driver (mg/kg) |
Cancer-slope Factor (kg-day/mg) |
RMCR * (fish meals/year) |
| Malabeam Lake | PAHs DDTs |
0.016 0.179 |
7.3 0.34 |
18.5 |
| Chapman Pit | PCBs | 0.179 | 4.95 | 3.69 |
| Green Pond | PCBs | 1.23 | 4.95 | 0.54 |
| Greenlaw Brook | PCBs | 1.29 | 4.95 | 0.51 |
| Little Madawaska River | PCBs | 0.65 | 4.95 | 1.02 |
* Recommended Maximum Consumption Rates (RMCR)
Ingestion Rate Calculations for the Little Madawaska River:
| RMCR = |
R x BWA x 365 x AT
CSF x CFF x IRA x EDA |
|
|
|
| RMCR = |
0.00001 x 70 x 365 x 70
4.95 x 0.65 x 0.228 x 24 |
|
|
|
| RMCR = |
1.0 meal/year
|
Recommended Maximum Consumption Rates (RMCRs) for Trout Filet
Meals from
Individuals Taken from Selected Surface Waters in the Butterfield Brook Drainage
System and not under the Fish Advisory
| Surface-water Body | Risk Driver | Average Concentration of Risk Driver (mg/kg) |
Cancer-slope Factor (kg-day/mg) |
RMCR* (fish meals/year) |
| Butterfield Brook | DDTs | 0.91 | 0.34 | 10.6 |
| East Loring Lake | DDTs | 0.45 | 0.34 | 21.6 |
Addendum to the Health Consultation
The following appendix was not available in electronic format for conversion to HTML at the time of preparation of this document. To obtain a hard copy of the document, please contact:
Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry
Division of Health Assessment and Consultation
Attn: Chief, Program Evaluation, Records, and Information Services Branch, E-56
1600 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, Georgia 30333
