PUBLIC HEALTH ASSESSMENT

ANNIE CREEK MINE TAILINGS
(RELIANCE TAILINGS)
LEADE, LAWRENCE COUNTY, SOUTH DAKOTA

APPENDICES

APPENDIX I

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Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry
Division of Health Assessment and Consultation
Attn: Chief, Program Evaluation, Records, and Information Services
Branch, E-56
1600 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, Georgia 30333

APPENDIX II
CONTAMINANT TABLES

Only contaminants at levels of concern for which there is a completed or potential exposurepathway are discussed in the contaminant tables. For purposes of these estimations, an adult is assumed to weigh 70 kg (150 pounds) and a child is assumed to weigh 10 kg (22 lbs.).

The data tables include the following abbreviations:

EMEG	= Environmental Media Evaluation Guide
RMEG	= Reference Dose Media Evaluation Guide
CREG	= Cancer Risk Evaluation Guide
MCL	= Maximum Contaminant Level
ppm	= parts per million
ppb	= parts per billion

Table 1.

Contamination in Surface Deposits Prior to Installation of the Waste Rubble Facility

Contaminant	Maximum Concentration (mg/kg)	Comparison Value (C.V.) (mg/kg)*	C.V. Source	C.V. Exceeded
antimony	35.50	300.00	RMEG	NO
arsenic	4180.00	0.50	CREG	YES
mercury	0.50	1000.00	EMEG	NO
selenium	2.20	1000.00	EMEG	NO
silver	6.10	4000.00	RMEG	NO
vanadium	30.80	2000.00	EMEG	NO
zinc	202.00	200,000.00	RMEG	NO

*
Assumes individuals contacting surface deposits were past on-site workers.

Table 2.

Sampling location designations for sediments, soils, surface water, groundwater, and fish.

Location	Surface Water	Ground Water	Soil	Sediment	Fish
Base of wasterock dump	AC-1	AC-1	T1	AC1	AC-1;AC-1a aboveRoss Gulch
Down streamof Ross Gulch (50')	AC-2	None	T2	AC2	AC-2
Down streamof Lost Camp (300')	AC-4	AC-4	T3	AC4	AC-4
Upstream ofFalls	AC-5	None	T6	AC5	AC-4b
Upstream of highway14a (150')	AC-6	None	T7	AC6	AC-6
Down-streamof Annie Creek	SC-2	None		SC2	SC-2

Table 3.

Contaminant Concentrations in Sediments of Annie Creek (mg/kg) (EE/CA 1993).

Substance	AC1a	AC2	AC4	AC5	AC6	SC2	C.V.c mg/kg	C.V. Source	C.V. Exceeded
Antimony	Xb	X	X	60.2	X	X	20.0	RMEG	YES
Arsenic	1272.0	933.9	748.6	944.3	913.6	331.9	0.2	CREG	YES
Barium	X	X	X	1,195.0	925.9	X	4000.0	RMEG	NO
Rubidium	X	X	X	132.3	123.3	X	NONE	NONE	NO
Strontium	329.0	212.2	210.8	319.2	321.0	231.5	30,000	RMEG	NO
Zinc	140.4	131.0	145.6	140.4	82.7	X	20,000	RMEG	NO

a
See Table 2 for description of sampling location.

b
X means that the substance was detected however, the concentration was in the range ofbackground concentrations.

c
It was assumed that the youngest receptor that would come in contact with the sediments was achild older than 3 years of age.

Table 4.

Arsenic Concentrations in Surface Soil (0-6 inches) (EE/CA 1993)

Sampling Location	Arsenic (mg/kg)	C.V. (mg/kg)	C.V. Exceeded	Strontium (mg/kg)	C.V. (mg/kg)	C.V. Exceeded
T1	22.8-2,392	0.2 CREG	YES	156.4- 309.8	30,000 RMEG	NO
T2	683.4-1,270	0.2 CREG	YES	144.4- 532.8	30,000 RMEG	NO
T3	110.7-2,130	0.2 CREG	YES	127.8- 226.7	30,000 RMEG	NO
T4	16.8-2,679	0.2 CREG	YES	______	30,000 RMEG	______
T5	424.8-1,794	0.2 CREG	YES	424.8- 1794.0	30,000 RMEG	NO
T6	852.3-1,358	0.2 CREG	YES	109.7- 250.5	30,000 RMEG	NO
T7	53.5-2,119	0.2 CREG	YES	104.4- 270.0	30,000 RMEG	NO

a
See Table 2 for description of sampling location.

Table 5.

Concentration of dissolved metals in groundwater (1992)

Contaminant	AC-1a	AC-4	AC-6	CV and Source (ug/L)	CV exceeded
Aluminum	-----	-----	18.4	NONE	-----
Antimony	7-7.4	-----	-----	6 MCL	YES
Arsenic	2.8	9.9-22.9	14.4-20.3	3 MCL	YES
Beryllium	0.3	-----	-----	4 MCL	NO
Cadmium	0.9	-----	-----	7 EMEG	NO
Lead	8.1	-----	0.6	15 MCL	NO
Manganese	4.8-222	54.9-670	2.3-9.9	50 RMEG	YES
Mercury	0.13	-----	0.9-0.14	20 EMEG	NO
Selenium	5.0	-----	-----	20 EMEG	NO
Nitrate	3090-5100	-----	-----	10,000 MCL	NO

a) See Table 2 for description of sampling location.

Table 6.

Surface Water Sampling Data Prior to 1992

DATE SAMPLED	LOCATION SAMPLED	CONTAMINANT(S)	RANGE (ug/L)	C.V.	C.V. SOURCE	VALUE EXCEEDED
April 1981- Sept. 1991 (Pre- construction)	Below tailings in Annie Creek	Arsenic Aluminum Manganese Vanadium Zinc	10- 2950.0 139.0 39,600.0 10,700.0 45,500.0	10.0 None 200.0 100.0 10,000.0	RMEG None RMEG RMEG RMEG	YES YES YES YES
Post-construction	Below tailings in Annie Creek	Arsenic	27- 460.0	10.0	RMEG	YES
July 1987- June 1991 (Pre-construction)	Upstream of confluence ofAnnie Creekwith Spearfish Creek	Arsenic	15- 50.0	10.0	RMEG	YES
June 1991 (Post- construction)	Upstream of confluence ofAnnie Creekwith Spearfish Creek	Arsenic	28.0	10.0	RMEG	YES
Nov. 1990- Aug. 1991 (Pre- construction) (Post- construction)	Annie Creekbelow LostCamp Gulch	Arsenic Arsenic	35.0 20.0- 60.0	10.0 10.0	RMEG RMEG	YES YES
Nov. 1990- Aug. 1991	Ross Gulch andLost CampGulch (Tributary ofAnnie Creek)	Arsenic	1.6- 3.5	10.0	RMEG	NO
July 1985- Aug. 1991	Lost CampGulch	Arsenic	<2.0- 29.0	10.0	RMEG	YES
April 1988- Aug. 1991 (Wharf Resources Data)	Spearfish Creek (Upstream ofconfluence withAnnie Creek)	Arsenic	<2.0- 53.0	10.0	RMEG	YES
United States Geological Survey Data	Spearfish Creek (Upstream ofconfluence withAnnie andSpearfish Creek	Arsenic	<1.0- 1.0	10.0	RMEG	NO
Wharf Resources (April 1988- August 1991)	Immediatelydownstream ofconfluence ofAnnie and Spearfish Creek	Arsenic	2.0- 42.0	10.0	RMEG	YES
Wharf Resources (April 1988- August 1991)	Further downstream of confluence of Annie and Spearfish Creek	Arsenic	< 1.0- 176.0	10.0	RMEG	YES
DENR	Samples taken along Spearfish Creek	Arsenic	< 5.0- 26.0	10.0	RMEG	YES

Table 7.

Surface Water Quality Data: Annie and Spearfish Creek (1992)

Monitoring Location	Contaminant	Frequency	Minimum-maximum concentration (ug/L)	C.V. and Source (ug/L)	C.V. Exceeded
AC1a	Arsenic	6/6	35.0-76.1	3.0 EMEG	YES
	Nitrate	6/6	2,650-8,850	10,000 MCL	NO
	Nitrite	2/6	11.0-22.0	10,000 MCL	NO
	Selenium	1/6	6.3	20 EMEG	NO
AC2 and 4	Arsenic	12/12	23.5-81.6	3.0 EMEG	YES
	Nitrate	12/12	2,670-7,780	10,000 MCL	NO
	Nitrite	1/12	11.0	10,000 MCL	NO
	Selenium	2/12	2.9-3.8	20 EMEG	NO
AC5	Arsenic	6/6	25.7-45.2	3.0 EMEG	YES
	Nitrate	6/6	2,010-3,850	10,000 MCL	NO
	Selenium	1/6	2.9	10,000 MCL	NO
AC6	Arsenic	6/6	27.6-41.8	3.0 EMEG	YES
	Nitrate	6/6	1,910-4290	10,000 MCL	NO
	Nitrite	1/6	12.0	10,000 MCL	NO
	Selenium	1/6	2.2	20 EMEG	NO
SC2	Arsenic	3/6	2.3-5.2	3.0 EMEG	YES
	Nitrate	5/6	56.0-2,180	10,000 MCL	NO
	Nitrite	1/6	12.5	10,000 MCL	NO
	Selenium	1/6	3.0	20 EMEG	NO

a See Table 2 for description of sampling location.

Table 8.

Range of Arsenic Concentration in Fish Tissue Spearfish and Annie Creek (Wharf Resources, 1990)

Location	Concentration (mg/kg)	Species	Age	Size Length (mm)	Weight Grams
Spearfish-1	<0.2	Brown trout	Adult	179.0	83.7
Spearfish-1	<0.2	Brown trout	Finger- ling	-	-
Spearfish-2	<0.2	Brown trout	Adult	177.8	85.6
Spearfish-2	<0.2	Brown trout	Finger- ling	-	-
Annie	25.0 - 46.0	Mountain sucker	Adult	-	-
Annie	33.0	Mountain sucker	Finger-ling	-	-

Table 9.

Fish Sampling Data (EE/CA, 1992)

Location Sampled	Biota	Frequency Detected	Min.-Max.(mg/kg) wet weight Arsenic	Min.-Max.(mg/kg) wet weight Lead	Min.-Max.(mg/kg) wet weight Selenium
AC-1Aa	mountain sucker	4/4	3.0 - 8.0	----	----
AC-4	mountain sucker	15/15	1.6-34.0	----	----
		1/15	----	0.8	----
AC-4A	mountain sucker	5/5	6-26.0	----	----
AC-4B	mountain sucker	5/5	7-19.0	----	----
AC-6	brook trout	5/5	3-33.0	----	----
AC-6	brook trout (fillet)	2/5	0.6-0.8	----	----
SC-2A	brook trout (fillet)	1/10	-----	----	1.0-4.0
AC-6	brown trout(whole)	7/7	0.5-18.0	----	----
		1/7			4.0
SC-2	brown trout (whole)	4/10	2.0-13.0	----	----
SC-2A	brown trout (whole)	1/10	----	----	4.0

a
See Table 2 for description of sampling location.

Appendix III. Pathways

Table 10.

Potential Exposure Pathways

PATHWAY NAME	SOURCE	ENVIRON- MENTAL MEDIA	POINT OF EXPOSURE	ROUTE OF EXPOSURE	EXPOSED POPULATION	TIME
tailings	RelianceTailings (cribdam failure)	surface deposits	floodplain sediments and surface soil of Annie and Spearfish Creek	ingestion inhalation dermal contact	campers, fishermen, seasonal residents	past present future
surface water	Annie and Spearfish Creek	tailings	Annie and SpearfishCreek	ingestion dermal contact	campers, fishermen, seasonal residents	past present future
groundwater	tailings and soilsalong floodplain ofAnnie Creek	tailings	wells along Spearfish Creek	ingestion	campers, fishermen, seasonal residents	past present
sediments	tailings	sediments	Annie and Spearfish Creek	ingestion dermal contact	campers, fishermen, seasonal residents	past present future
biota	Annie and Spearfish Creek	tailings	Annie and Spearfish Creek	ingestion	campers, fisherman, seasonal residents	past present future

Table 11.

Eliminated Exposure Pathways

PATHWAY NAME	SOURCE	ENVIRON- MENTAL MEDIA	POINT OF EXPOSURE	ROUTE OF EXPOSURE	EXPOSED POPULATION	TIME
tailings	Reliance Tailings (crib dam failure)	surface deposits	old crib dam	ingestion inhalation dermal contact	workers, campers, fishermen, seasonal residents	past present
tailings	Cannonberg home	surface deposits	Cannonberg home	ingestion inhalation dermal contact	Kannonberg residents	past present
Spearfish Municipal Water Supply	tailings and soilsalong floodplainof AnnieCreek	tailings	municipal water supply	ingestion dermal contact	Spearfish residents	past present

Table 12.

Estimated potentially exposed populations

PATHWAY NAME	SOURCE	ENVIRON- MENTAL MEDIA	POINT OF EXPOSURE	ROUTE OF EXPOSURE	EXPOSED POPULATION	TIME
tailings	Reliance Tailings (crib dam failure)	surfacedeposits	old crib dam	ingestion inhalation dermal contact	campers, fishermen, seasonal residents (number exposed unknown)	past present
tailings	Cannonberg home	surface deposits	Cannonberg home	ingestion inhalation dermal contact	Kannonberg residents (number exposed unknown)	past present
Spearfish Municipal Water Supply	tailings and soils along floodplain of Annie Creek	tailings	municipal water supply	ingestion dermal contact	Spearfish residents (number exposed unknown)	past present

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