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PUBLIC HEALTH ASSESSMENT

SUNFLOWER ARMY AMMUNITION PLANT
DESOTO, JOHNSON COUNTY, KANSAS


TABLES (Cont.)

Table 2.

Evaluation of Potential Exposure Pathways at Sunflower Army Ammunitions Plant Table
Pathway Name Exposure Pathway Elements Comments
Source of Contamination Environmental Media Point of Exposure Route of Exposure Exposed Population Time of Exposure
Air Open burning of facilities at SFAAP Air Inhaling contaminants in the plume
  • Inhalation
 SFAAP's neighbors Past and future The plume could potentially contain asbestos and/or lead. Asbestos has not been detected and models predict that the levels of lead would be below National Ambient Air Quality Standards by the time the plume reaches SFAAP's boundary.
Surface water and sediment Past propellant manufacturing activities Surface water and sediment Playing in the creeks or drinking the surface water
  • Ingestion
  • Dermal contact
 Children and residents Past, current, and future Even though people could come in contact with contamination in the surface water and/or sediment, the concentrations detected are too low to be of health concern.
On-site soil Past propellant manufacturing activities Surface soil Trespassing onto SFAAP property
  • Incidental Ingestion
  • Dermal contact
 Trespassers Past, current, and future Access to SFAAP is restricted by gates and an armed guard. Only the occasional trespasser could potentially contact contaminated soils, however, exposure of this nature would be below levels of health concern.
Off-site groundwater Past propellant manufacturing activities Groundwater Drinking water from private off-site groundwater wells
  • Ingestion
  • Dermal contact
  • Inhalation
 Residents who use private groundwater wells near SFAAP Past, current, and future Private off-site groundwater wells have been identified. Thirteen of the 22 wells being used to supply drinking water are not being affected. The effect on the remaining nine is uncertain until more data can be collected and evaluated.


Table 3.

Air Sampling Results for Three Test Burns
Sample Location Material Detection Limit Result
Time Critical Test Burn (1/7/97)
1 fenceline asbestos 0.0017 f/cc ND
2 fenceline asbestos 0.0017 f/cc ND
3 fenceline asbestos 0.0017 f/cc ND
4 fenceline asbestos 0.0032 f/cc ND
5 fenceline asbestos 0.0032 f/cc ND
6 fenceline asbestos 0.0032 f/cc ND
7 on site lead 0.005 µg/m3 0.0102 µg/m3
8 fenceline lead 0.005 µg/m3 0.00858 µg/m3
9 on site lead 0.005 µg/m3 0.0293 µg/m3
10 on site lead 0.005 µg/m3 0.0248 µg/m3
11 fenceline lead 0.005 µg/m3 0.0092 µg/m3
First Non-Time Critical Test Burn (2/13/97)
1 fenceline asbestos 0.0906 f/cc ND
2 fenceline asbestos 0.0622 f/cc ND
3 fenceline asbestos 0.0466 f/cc ND
4 fenceline lead 0.46 µg/m3 ND
5 fenceline lead 0.39 µg/m3 ND
Second Non-Time Critical Test Burn (6/26/97)
1 on site asbestos 0.0846 f/cc ND
2 on site lead 0.11 µg/m3 50.20 µg/m3
3 on site lead 0.11 µg/m3 60.59 µg/m3
4 on site lead 0.12 µg/m3 60.63 µg/m3

Abbreviations:

f/cc = fibers per cubic centimeter
ND = not detected
µg/m3 = micrograms per cubic meter


Table 4.

Air Sampling Results for Three Test Burns
Chemical Locations Upgradient of SFAAP Locations Downgradient of SFAAP ATSDR Comparison Values Type
Range Frequency of Detections Frequency above Standards Range Frequency of Detections Frequency above Standards
Surface Water (values in ppb)
Volatile Organic Compounds
Methylene chloride 9.1 JB 1/1 1
0		 59-60 2/5 2
0		 5
2,000		 CREG
C-EMEG
Metals
Barium 110-140 6/6 0 120-2,200 6/6 2 700 RMEG
Chromium ND 0/3 0 18-220 6/6 2 100 LTHA
Manganese 100-690 3/3 1 100-620 6/6 2 500 RMEG
Nickel 36-43 3/7 0 52-530 3/6 2 100 LTHA
Thallium ND 0/3 0 1.1-60 3/6 3 0.5 LTHA
Pesticides
Dieldrin ND 0/1 0
0		 0.06 JQ-0.07 JQ 2/4 2
0		 0.002
0.5		 CREG
C-EMEG
Sediment (values in ppm)
Metals
Arsenic 5.1-7.6 3/3 3
0		 4.9-8.6 4/4 4
0		 0.5
20		 CREG
C-EMEG
Iron 17,000-22,000 3/3 0 16,000-24,000 4/4 1 23,000 RBC
Manganese 500-4,200 7/7 1 620-750 4/4 0 3,000

RMEG

Source: Law 1998

Abbreviations: Qualifiers:

CREG - cancer risk evaluation guide (ATSDR) JB - estimated quantitation: possibly biased high or a false positive based on blank data
C-EMEG - chronic environmental media evaluation guide (ATSDR) JH - estimated quantitation: possibly biased high based on quality control (QC) data
LTHA - lifetime health advisory for drinking water (EPA) JL - estimated quantitation: possibly biased low or a false negative based on QC data
NA - not available
ND - not detected
ppb - parts per billion
ppm - parts per million
RBC - risk-based concentration (EPA)
RMEG - reference dose media evaluation guide (EPA)


Table 5.

Chemicals Detected above Comparison Values in Spoon Creek
Chemical Locations Upgradient of SFAAP Locations Downgradient of SFAAP ATSDR Comparison Values Type
Range Frequency of Detections Frequency above Standards Range Frequency of Detections Frequency above Standards
Surface Water(values in ppb)
Volatile Organic Compounds
Methylene chloride 18 JB 1/1 1
0		 17 JB-19 JB 3/4 3
0		 5
2,000		 CREG
C-EMEG
Metals
Manganese 170-780 3/3 2 63-580 18/18 2 500 RMEG
Other Parameters
Ammonia NS NS NS 4,200 1/6 1 3,000 I-EMEG
Sediment(values in ppm)
Metals
Arsenic 4.2-21 3/3 3
1		 2.5-73 20/20 20
2		 0.5
20		 CREG
C-EMEG
Iron 14,000-37,000 3/3 1 8,700-52,000 20/20 7 23,000 RBC
Lead 8.4-69 3/3 0 13-1,700 16/16 2 400 SSL
Manganese 240-3,300 7/7 1 94-4,700 20/20 3 3,000 RMEG
Pesticides
Dieldrin 1.8 JL 1/1 1
0		 ND 0/3 0
0		 0.04
3		 CREG
C-EMEG
Explosives
Nitrocellulose NS NS NS 2.6-1,300 3/9 NA NA NA
Nitroglycerin NS NS NS 34-97 JH 3/8 1 46 RBC

Source: Law 1998

Abbreviations: Qualifiers:

CREG - cancer risk evaluation guide (ATSDR) JB - estimated quantitation: possibly biased high or a false positive based
C-EMEG - chronic environmental media evaluation guide (ATSDR) on blank data
I-EMEG - intermediate environmental media evaluation guide (ATSDR) JH - estimated quantitation: possibly biased high based on QC data
NA - not available JL - estimated quantitation: possibly biased low or a false negative based on QC
ND - not detected data
NS - not sampled
ppb - parts per billion
ppm - parts per million
RBC - risk-based concentration (EPA)
RMEG - reference dose media evaluation guide (EPA)
SSL - soil screening level (EPA)


Table 6.

Chemicals Detected above Comparison Values in Captain Creek
Chemical Locations Upgradient of SFAAP Locations Downgradient of SFAAP ATSDR Comparison Values Type
Range Frequency of Detections Frequency above Standards Range Frequency of Detections Frequency above Standards
Surface Water (values in ppb)
Volatile Organic Compounds
Methylene chloride 11 JB 1/1 1
0		 14 JB-16 JB 2/4 2
0		 5
2,000

CREG
C-EMEG
Sediment (values in ppm)
Metals
Arsenic 2.3-6.1 3/3 3
0		 1.2-2.3 4/4 4
0		 0.5
20		 CREG
C-EMEG
Pesticides
Aldrin 0.24 1/1 1
0		 ND 0/4 0
0		 0.04
2		 CREG
C-EMEG
delta-BHC ND 0/1 0 0.97 JL 1/4 NA NA NA

Source: Law 1998

Abbreviations:

CREG - cancer risk evaluation guide (ATSDR)
C-EMEG - chronic environmental media evaluation guide (ATSDR)
NA - not available
ND - not detected
ppb - parts per billion
ppm - parts per million

Qualifiers:

JB - estimated quantitation: possibly biased high or a false positive based on blank data
JL - estimated quantitation: possibly biased low or a false negative based on QC data


Table 7.

Chemicals Detected in Fish from Kill Creek
Chemical Range
(ppm) 		Average
(ppm) 		Frequency of Detections
Metals
Aluminum 8.91 8.91 1/1
Antimony 0.5 0.5 1/2
Barium 3.3-6.4 4.8 4/4
Cadmium 0.06-0.09 0.075 2/8
Chromium 0.29-0.396 0.33 4/4
Copper 0.821-0.95 0.897 3/3
Iron 33.5 33.5 1/1
Magnesium 296 296 1/1
Manganese 4.25 4.25 1/1
Mercury, total 0.099-0.374 0.224 10/10
Selenium 0.57-1.5 1.1 3/4
Sodium 927 927 1/1
Vanadium 0.13-0.19 0.16 3/3
Zinc 44.9-53.1 48.7 3/3
Pesticides
Chlordane 0.04-0.52 0.25 10/10
Chlordane, cis 0.0026-0.053 0.022 12/12
Chlordane, trans 0.003-0.031 0.013 11/12
Chlordane, nonachlor, cis 0.003-0.046 0.015 6/12
Chlordane, nonachlor, trans 0.005-0.056 0.024 11/12
Chlordene, alpha 0.0037-0.0038 0.00375 2/5
Chlordene, gamma 0.009-0.022 0.014 4/5
DDE 0.0047-0.041 0.014 12/12
Dieldrin 0.021-0.46 0.161 12/12
Endrin 0.006 0.006 2/6
Heptachlor epoxide 0.001-0.011 0.005 11/12
Hexachlorobenzene 0.0003-0.0008 0.0005 2/10
Oxychlordane 0.0024-0.0083 0.005 4/12
Pentachloroanisole 0.001-0.035 0.012 9/10
Treflan 0.017-0.052 0.033 3/11
Polychlorinated Biphenyls
PCB-1254 0.017-0.071 0.045 6/12
PCB-1260 0.019-0.087 0.048 6/12

Source: EPA 1989-1996

Abbreviations:

ND - not detected
ppm - parts per million


Table 8.

Chemicals Detected above Comparison Values in Surface Soils
Chemical Maximum Detection (ppm) Location
(SWMU number) 		ATSDR Comparison Values Type
Metals
Antimony 29 21 20 RMEG
Arsenic 30.2 21 0.5 CREG
Cadmium 1,700 14 10 C-EMEG
Copper 12,000 50 3,100 RBC
Iron 99,000 50 23,000 RBC
Lead 22,000 50 400 SSL
Manganese 15,000 36 3,000 RMEG
Semi-volatile Organic Compounds
Acenaphthylene 0.021 50 NA NA
Benz(a)anthracene 2.7 50 0.87 RBC
Benzo(a)pyrene 2.9 50 0.1 CREG
Benzo(b)fluoranthene 3.6 50 0.87 RBC
Benzo(g,h,i)perylene 1.6 50 NA NA
bis(2-Ethylhexyl)phthalate 140 14 50 CREG
Dibenz(a,h)anthracene 0.45 50 0.087 RBC
Indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene 1.5 50 0.87 RBC
Phenanthrene 3.4 1 NA NA
Pesticides
Aldrin 1.2 21 0.04 CREG
Chlordane 4.6 3 2 CREG
Dieldrin 1.1 3 and 21 0.04 CREG
Endrin ketone 0.017 21 NA NA
Polychlorinated biphenyls and Dioxins/Furans
Aroclor-1260 1.4 3 0.32 RBC
Dioxins/Furans 0.355 18 and 19 0.00005 C-EMEG
Explosives
Guanidine nitrate 56 47 NA NA
Nitrocellulose 16,000 10 and 11 NA NA
Nitroglycerine 970 10 and 11 46 RBC
Pentaerythritol tetranitrate 2.7 22 and 32 NA NA

Abbreviations:

CREG - cancer risk evaluation guide (ATSDR)
C-EMEG - chronic environmental media evaluation guide (ATSDR)
I-EMEG - intermediate environmental media evaluation guide (ATSDR)
NA - not available
ppm - parts per million
RBC - risk-based concentration (EPA)
RMEG - reference dose media evaluation guide (EPA)
SSL - soil screening level (EPA)


Table 9.

Chemicals Detected above Comparison Values in Groundwater
Chemical Maximum Detection (ppb) Location
(SWMU number) 		ATSDR Comparison Values Type
Semi-volatile Organic Compounds
bis(2-Ethylhexyl)phthalate 5.1 24 3 CREG
Metals
Antimony 9.9 21 3 LTHA
Arsenic 12 21 0.02 CREG
Barium 840 47 700 RMEG
Cadmium 6 10, 11, 36, and 47 2 C-EMEG
Manganese 8,900 6 500 RMEG
Nickel 640 47 100 LTHA
Thallium 1 24 0.5 LTHA
Vanadium 530 47 30 I-EMEG
Explosives
Guanidine nitrate 44,000 47 NA NA
Nitroglycerine 83 10 and 11 5 LTHA
Nitroguanidine 27,000 47 700 LTHA
Other Parameters
Ammonia

11,000

10 and 11 3,000 I-EMEG
Fluoride 1,100 2 600 RMEG
Nitrate/nitrite 680,000 13 10,000 MCL
Sulfate 1,300,000 13 250,000 SMCL
Sulfide 15,000 18 and 19 NA NA

Abbreviations:

CREG - cancer risk evaluation guide (ATSDR)
C-EMEG - chronic environmental media evaluation guide (ATSDR)
I-EMEG - intermediate environmental media evaluation guide (ATSDR)
LTHA - lifetime health advisory for drinking water (EPA)
MCL - maximum contaminant level (EPA)
NA - not available
ppb - parts per billion
RMEG - reference dose media evaluation guide (EPA)
SMCL - secondary maximum contaminant level (EPA)


FIGURES

Location of Sunflower Army Ammunition Plant
Figure 1. Location of Sunflower Army Ammunition Plant

General Layout of Sunflower Army Ammunition Plant
Figure 2. General Layout of Sunflower Army Ammunition Plant

Solid Waste Management Units and Areas of Concern Located at Sunflower Army Ammunition Plant
Figure 3. Solid Waste Management Units and Areas of Concern Located at Sunflower Army Ammunition Plant

ATSDR's Exposure Evaluation Process
Figure 4. ATSDR's Exposure Evaluation Process



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