PUBLIC HEALTH ASSESSMENT
VOLUNTEER ARMY AMMUNITION PLANT
CHATTANOOGA, HAMILTON COUNTY, TENNESSEE
FACILITY NO. TN6210020933
September 7, 2004
Prepared by:
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES
PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE
Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry
Division of Health Assessment and Consultation
Atlanta, Georgia
TABLE OF CONTENTS
List of TablesList of Figures
List of Abbreviations
Summary
Background
- Site Description and Operational History
- History
- Remedial and Regulatory History
- ATSDR Involvement
- Climatology and Geology
- Quality Assurance and Quality Control
- Introduction
- Potential Exposure to Contaminants in Air
- Potential Exposure to Contaminants in Groundwater
- Potential Exposure to Contaminants in Surface Soil
- Potential Exposure to Contaminants in Surface Water and Sediment
- Community Health Concern #1 Respiratory Problems
- Community Health Concern #2 Drinking and well water contamination
- Community Health Concern #3 Rates of Disease
- Community Health Concern #4 Exposure to a yellow to yellow/brown haze
- Community Health Concern #5 Exposure to Black Powder
- Community Health Concern #6 Effects on the Local Environment
- Community Health Concern #7 Community participation in VAAP redevelopment
- Community Health Concern #8 Rare Diseases
Conclusions
Recommendations
Public Health Action Plan Preparers of Report
References
Appendices
- Appendix A : History
- Appendix B : The TNT Production Process
- Appendix C : Acid Cloud
- Appendix D : Estimates of Human Exposure Doses and Determination of Health Effects
- Appendix E : ATSDR Glossary of Environmental Health Terms
- Appendix F : Response to Public Comments
- Table 1: Potential Exposure Pathways at the Volunteer Army Ammunition Plant (VAAP)
- Table 2: Review of Contaminated Sites at the Volunteer Army Ammunition Plant (VAAP)
- Table 3: Contaminants Detected above Comparison Values (CVs) in On-site Groundwater
- Table 4: Contaminants Detected above Comparison Values (CVs) in Off-site Groundwater
- Table 5. Compounds Identified in Residential Well Sampling Events 1990 to 2002
- Table 6: Contaminants Detected above Comparison Values (CVs) in Soil
- Table 7: Contaminants Detected above Comparison Values (CVs) in Surface Water
- Table 8: Contaminants Detected above Comparison Values (CVs) in Sediment
- Figure 1: Area Map
- Figure 2. Volunteer Army Ammunition Plant (VAAP) Sites.
- Figure 3. ATSDR's Exposure Evaluation Program.
- Figure 4. Drainage Basins.
- Figure 5. Demographics Map.
List of Abbreviations
| ACOE | Army Corps of Engineers |
| AOP | Ammonia Oxidation Process |
| Army | U.S. Army |
| ATSDR | Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry |
| CERCLA | Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act |
| CIL | Canadian Industries Limited |
| CFI | CF Industries, Incorporated |
| cm | centimeter |
| CMS | Corrective Measure Study |
| CREG | cancer risk evaluation guide (ATSDR) |
| CV | comparison value |
| DB | Drainage Basin |
| DHHS | U.S. Department of Health and Human Services |
| DNA | Direct Strong Nitric |
| EMEG | Environmental media evaluation guide (ATSDR) |
| EPA | U.S. Environmental Protection Agency |
| º F | degrees Fahrenheit |
| ft | feet |
| GSA | U.S. General Services Administration |
| IAP | Installation Action Plan |
| IARC | International Agency for Research on Cancer |
| ICIA | ICI America Incorporated |
| IEUBK | EPA's Integrated Exposure Uptake Biokinetic Model for Lead in Children |
| IRP | Installation Restoration Program |
| kg | kilogram |
| lbs | pounds |
| MCL | maximum contaminant level (EPA) |
| ml | milliliter |
| mg | milligram |
| MRL | minimal risk level (ATSDR) |
| msl | mean sea level |
| NOx | nitrogen oxides |
| NPL | National Priorities List |
| PAH | polyaromatic hydrocarbons |
| PCB | polychlorinated biphenyl |
| PHA | Public Health Assessment |
| PHAP | Public Health Action Plan |
| ppb | parts per billion |
| ppm | parts per million |
| RBC | risk-based concentration (EPA) |
| RCRA | Resource Conservation and Recovery Act |
| RfD | reference dose (EPA) |
| RFI | RCRA Facility Investigation |
| RI/FS | CERCLA Remedial Investigation/Feasibility Study |
| RMEG | reference media evaluation guide (ATSDR) |
| SAR | Sulfuric Acid Regeneration |
| SARA | Superfund Amendment and Reauthorization Act |
| SI | CERCLA Site Investigation |
| SOX | sulfur oxides |
| SVOC | semi-volatile organic compound |
| TAW | Tennessee American Water Company |
| TDEC | Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation |
| TNM | Trinitromethane |
| TNT | trinitrotoluene |
| TNTMV | TNT Manufacturing Valley (VAAP-32) |
| VAAP | Volunteer Army Ammunition Plant |
| VOW | Volunteer Ordnance Works |
| VOC | volatile organic compound |
| WW II | World War II |
