PUBLIC HEALTH ASSESSMENT

BAY CITY MIDDLEGROUNDS
BAY CITY, BAY COUNTY, MICHIGAN

APPENDIX A.

FIGURES

Figure 1. Site Location

Figure 2. Site Features

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APPENDIX B.

TABLES

LIST OF TABLES

1. Population Demographics within 1 mile of the Bay City Middlegrounds Landfill (1990 Census Data).

2. Contaminants of concern at the Bay City Middlegrounds Landfill site.

3. Groundwater concentrations of contaminants of concern, from MDNR investigations (1986-8), the RI (1989, 1990, 10/92), and the ESI (4/92).

4. Concentrations of contaminants of concern in leachate samples from the Bay City Middlegrounds Landfill, 1985-1988.

5. On-site surface soil concentrations of contaminants of concern, from the ESI, 1992.

6. On-site subsurface soil concentrations of contaminants of concern, from the RI (1990, 10/92) and the ESI (4/92).

7. Concentrations of contaminants of concern in the air at the Bay City Middlegrounds Landfill, from the RI, August 8-18, 1989.

8. Concentrations of contaminants of concern in air samples collected near the BCM site by the MDNR Air Quality Division, November 11, 1992.

9. Concentrations of volatile contaminants of concern in samples of soil gas from the BCM site, collected during Phase III of the RI during September and October 1992.

10. Concentrations of contaminants of concern found in a residential well north of the Bay City Middlegrounds Landfill, October 1988.

11. Off-site shallow sub-surface soil concentrations of contaminants of concern, from the ESI, 1992.

12. Concentrations of contaminants of concern in surface water of the Saginaw River near the BCM site, from MDNR investigations (1988, 8/89), the RI (1989), and the ESI (1992).

13. Concentrations of PCBs in surface water samples collected from the Saginaw River and Saginaw Bay, August 1989.

14. Concentrations of PCBs in surface sediment samples collected from the Saginaw River near Middleground Island, 1988.

15. Concentrations of PCBs in subsurface sediment samples collected from the Saginaw River downstream from Middleground Island, 1988.

16. Concentrations of contaminants of concern in the sediment of the Saginaw River near the BCM site, from the RI (1989) and the ESI (1992).

17. Contaminants in fish collected from the Saginaw River near the BCM site, 1986, 1992.

18. Preliminary Age-Adjusted Incidence and Death Rates for Cancer of All sites by County, Michigan Residents, 1990-1992.

19. Number of New Cases of Cancer of All Sites and Age Adjusted Rates for Selected Zip Codes, 1990-1993.

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Table 1. Population Demographics within 1 mile of the Bay City Middlegrounds Landfill (1990 Census Data).

Classification	Population
Total Population	7,635
White	7,132
Black	116
Native American	57
Asian	25
Other	286
Hispanic	536
Age Less Than or Equal to 6 Years	827
Age Greater Than or Equal to 65 Years	1,446
Females 15-44 Years	1,695

Reference: 11

Calculated using an area-proportion spatial analysis technique.

Table 2. Contaminants of concern at the Bay City Middlegrounds Landfill site.

VOLATILE ORGANIC CHEMICALS (VOCS) benzene bromodichloromethane bromomethane 1,3-butadiene carbon tetrachloride chlorobenzene chloroethane chloroform chloromethane 1,1-dichloroethane 1,2-dichloroethane 1,1-dichloroethylene 1,2-dichloroethylene 1,3-dichloropropylene ethylbenzene methylene chloride styrene 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane tetrachloroethylene toluene 1,1,1-trichloroethane 1,1,2-trichloroethane trichloroethylene vinyl chloride xylenes	PESTICIDES AND POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS (PCBs) aldrin alpha-BHC delta-BHC gamma-BHC gamma-chlordane 4,4'-DDD dieldrin heptachlor epoxide PCBs
	OTHER SEMI-VOLATILE ORGANIC CHEMICALS (SVOCs) benzidine (dibenzothiophene)15 carbazole dibenzofuran 1,3-dichlorobenzene 1,4-dichlorobenzene hexachlorobenzene hexachlorobutadiene 4-methylphenol 1,2,3,4-tetrachlorobenzene 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene
POLYNUCLEAR AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS (PAHs) acenaphthylene benzo(a)anthracene benzo(a)pyrene benzo(b)fluoranthene benzo(g,h,i)perylene benzo(k)fluoranthene chrysene dibenzo(a,h)anthracene indeno(1,2,3-c,d)pyrene 2-methylnaphthalene naphthalene phenanthrene	METALS antimony arsenic barium beryllium cadmium chromium cobalt copper lead manganese mercury nickel vanadium zinc

Table 3. Groundwater concentrations of contaminants of concern, from MDNR investigations (1986-8), the RI (1989, 1990, 10/92), and the ESI (4/92).

Chemical	Date	Maximum Concentration (ppb)	Reference	Comparison Value (ppb)
benzene	1986	3	14	1C
	1987	13	15
	1988	29.3	15
	1989	90	1
	1990	210	7
	4/92	6.J	3
	10/92	13,020	8
bromodichloromethane	1989	8	1	200E, 0.6C
bromomethane	10/92	56	8	10R
chlorobenzene	1990	200	7	200R
	10/92	20	8
chloroethane	10/92	143	8	NA
chloroform	1987	250	14	100E, 6C
	1989	29	1
	1990	9	7
	10/92	470	8
chloromethane	1987	18	14	3A
	10/92	5,264	8
1,1-dichloroethane	10/92	10	8	carcinogen
1,2-dichloroethane	10/92	3,860	8	0.4C
1,1-dichloroethylene	10/92	407	8	90E, 0.06C
1,2-dichloroethylene (total)	1988	540,000	15	70A (cis);  200R (trans)
	1989	840,000	1
	1990	21,000	7
(trans)	10/92	0.08	8
trans-1,3-dichloropropylene	10/92	1,830	8	carcinogen
ethylbenzene	1986	7	14	1,000R
	1987	680	15
	1988	76.7	15
	1989	2,000	1
	1990	91	7
	4/92	24	3
	10/92	44	8
methylene chloride	1987	220,000	15	600E, 5C
	1988	1,524	15
	1989	1,200,000	1
	1990	930,000	7
	10/92	1,735,390	8
styrene	10/92	5,640	8	carcinogen
1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane	10/92	0.6	8	0.2C
tetrachloroethylene	10/92	1,570	8	0.7C
toluene	1986	9	14	2,000R
	1987	4,200	15
	1988	1,200	15
	1989	10,000	1
	1990	3,000	7
	4/92	2.J	3
	10/92	90,400	8
1,1,2-trichloroethane	10/92	400	8	0.6C
trichloroethylene	1987	220,000	15	3C
	1988	38,500	15
	1989	200,000	1
	1990	110,000	7
	10/92	401,770	8
vinyl chloride	1988	1,450	15	0.2E, carcinogen
	1989	21,000	1
	1990	90	7
	10/92	2,273	8
xylenes (total)	10/92	675,000	8	2,000Ei
benzo(a)pyrene	1987	15	15	0.005C
	1990	1.8	7
	4/92	4.J	3
benzo(k)fluoranthene	1987	8.1	15	carcinogen
	4/92	7.J	3
chrysene	1990	2.1	7	carcinogen
	4/92	8.J	3
2-methylnaphthalene	4/92	16	3	NA
naphthalene	1987	310	15	20A
	1988	36	15
	1989	50	1
	1990	51	7
	4/92	35	3
	10/92	9	8
phenanthrene	1987	170	15	NA
	1988	9	15
	1990	21	7
	4/92	20	3
	10/92	0.6	8
carbazole	4/92	3.J	3	NA
di-n-octylphthalate	10/92	6.3	8	NA
PCBs	1987	320,000	15	0.2E, 0.005C
	1988	67,000,000	15
	1989	930,000	1
	1990	5,900,000	7
	4/92	94.P	3
	10/92	26	8
aldrin	1990	0.075	7	0.3E, 0.002C
alpha-BHC	4/92	0.032JP	3	0.006C
gamma-BHC	1990	150	7	3R, carcinogen
	10/92	0.064	8
delta-BHC	1987	0.05	15	NA
	1990	0.082	7
gamma-chlordane	1990	0.039	7	0.03C
4,4'-DDD	1990	34	7	0.1C
dieldrin	1990	0.013	7	0.5E, 0.002C
heptachlor epoxide	1990	0.081	7	0.004C
1,4-dichlorobenzene	1987	12	14	75MCLG, carcinogen
	1988	4.5	15
	1990	43	7
	4/92	39	3
	10/92	1.4	8
hexachlorobenzene	1990	0.038	7	8E, 0.02C
hexachlorobutadiene	1990	1.7	7	0.04C
1,2,3,4-tetrachlorobenzene	1990	0.16	7	NA
1,2,4-trichlorobenzene	1988	19	15	100R
	1990	140	7
4-methylphenol	4/92	1	3	carcinogen
arsenic	1986	140	14	3E, 0.02C
	1987	236	15
	1990	0.367	7
	10/92	6	8
barium	1988	2,200	15	700R
	1989	3,200	1
	4/92	3,340	3
	10/92	821	8
chromium	1987	45	15	10,000R (III) 50R, 3C (VI)
	1989	7	1
	1990	0.46	7
	4/92	6.J	3
cobalt	1990	0.16	7	NA
copper	1987	25	15	1,300MCLG
	1988	25	15
	1989	4	1
	1990	0.51	7
	4/92	94.2	3
	10/92	30	8
lead	1987	290	14	15PL, carcinogen
	1989	96	1
	1990	1.9	7
	4/92	12.3	3
mercury	1990	0.0005	7	2A
nickel	1987	77	15	100A, carcinogen
	1988	110	15
	1989	100	1
	1990	0.37	7
	4/92	54.4	3
zinc	1987	27,000	15	3,000R
	1988	23,000	15
	1989	20,000	1
	1990	207	7
	4/92	5,960	3
	10/92	14,700	8

Only chemicals that were detected are listed
Bolded chemicals exceed comparison values.
J – Estimated Concentration: below Contract Required Detection Level, but above Instrument Detection Limit
(III) – For chromium(III)
(VI) – For chromium(VI)
NA – None Available
carcinogen – Carcinogen (proven, probable, or possible) but no CREG available
Comparison Value Bases
E – ATSDR Environmental Media Evaluation Guides (EMEGs)
Ei – ATSDR EMEGs, intermediate-duration exposure
R – ATSDR Reference Dose Media Evaluation Guides (RMEGs), calculated from U.S. EPA Reference Dose, assuming child ingestion
A – U.S. EPA Drinking Water Lifetime Health Advisory
MCLG– U.S. EPA Safe Drinking Water Act Maximum Contaminant Level Goal
PL – U.S. EPA Proposed Action Level for Lead in Drinking Water
C – ATSDR Cancer Risk Evaluation Guides (CREGs), for 1 x 10^-6 estimated excess cancer risk (a significant additional risk of developing cancer is taken to be one additional case of cancer in a population of 1 million people experiencing the exposure)

Table 4. Concentrations of contaminants of concern in leachate samples from the Bay City Middlegrounds Landfill, 1985-1988.

Chemical	Date	Maximum Concentration (ppb)	Comparison Value (ppb)
benzene	1985	5	1C
	1988	8.9
1,2-dichloroethylene (total)	1985	22	70A (cis) 200R (trans)
ethylbenzene	1985	8.5	1,000R
	1988	20.7
toluene	1985	23	2,000R
	1988	37.9
naphthalene	1988	6.5	20A
1,4-dichlorobenzene	1988	7.9	75MCLG, carcinogen
barium	1988	207	700R
chromium	1985	160	10,000R (III) 50R, 3C (VI)
nickel	1985	470	100A, carcinogen
	1988	150
zinc	1985	21,000	3,000R

Reference: 15

Only chemicals that were detected are listed

Bolded chemicals exceed comparison values.

(III) – For chromium(III)
(VI) – For chromium(VI)
NA – None Available
carcinogen – Carcinogen (proven, probable, or possible) but no CREG available

Comparison Value Bases

R – ATSDR Reference Dose Media Evaluation Guides (RMEGs), calculated from U.S. EPA Reference Dose, assuming child ingestion
A – U.S. EPA Drinking Water Lifetime Health Advisory
C – ATSDR Cancer Risk Evaluation Guides (CREGs), for 1 x 10^-6 estimated excess cancer risk (a significant additional risk of developing cancer is taken to be one additional case of cancer in a population of 1 million people experiencing the exposure)

Table 5. On-site surface soil concentrations of contaminants of concern, from the ESI, 1992.

Chemical	Maximum Concentration (ppm)	Comparison Value (ppm)
benzo(a)anthracene	0.39	carcinogen
benzo(a)pyrene	0.32J	0.1C
benzo(b)fluoranthene	0.42	carcinogen
benzo(g,h,i)perylene	0.14J	NA
chrysene	0.35J	carcinogen
dibenzo(a,h)anthracene	0.066J	carcinogen
indeno(1,2,3-c,d)pyrene	0.29J	carcinogen
2-methylnaphthalene	0.031J	NA
naphthalene	0.29J	NA
phenanthrene	0.28J	NA
carbazole	0.016J	NA
dibenzofuran	0.017J	NA
gamma-BHC	0.0007JP	0.6E, carcinogen
1,3-dichlorobenzene	0.076J	NA
1,4-dichlorobenzene	0.1J	carcinogen
4-methylphenol	0.3J	carcinogen
arsenic	13.1	0.6E, 0.4C
barium	162	100R
beryllium	1.6	10R, 0.2C
cadmium	1.3J	1E, carcinogen
chromium	62.5	2,000R (III) 10R, 60C (VI)
cobalt	10.4J	NA
copper	77.3	NA
lead	157	carcinogen
manganese	879	300R
nickel	38.7	40R, carcinogen
vanadium	27.9	NA
zinc	731	600R

Reference: 3

Only chemicals that were detected are listed

Bolded chemicals exceed comparison values.

J – Estimated Concentration: below Contract Required Detection Level, but above Instrument Detection Limit
(III)– For chromium(III)
(VI)– For chromium(VI)
NA – None Available
carcinogen – Carcinogen (proven, probable, or possible) but no CREG available

Comparison Value Bases

E – ATSDR Environmental Media Evaluation Guides (EMEGs)
R – ATSDR Reference Dose Media Evaluation Guides (RMEGs), calculated from U.S. EPA Reference Dose, assuming child ingestion
C – ATSDR Cancer Risk Evaluation Guides (CREGs), for 1 x 10^-6 estimated excess cancer risk (a significant additional risk of developing cancer is taken to be one additional case of cancer in a population of 1 million people experiencing the exposure)

Table 6. On-site subsurface soil concentrations of contaminants of concern, from the RI (1990, 10/92) and the ESI (4/92).

Chemical	Date	Maximum Concentration (ppm)	Depth (feet)	Reference	Comparison Value (ppm)
benzene	1990	0.041	12	7	20C
	10/92	0.0216	28	8
bromodichloromethane	10/92	0.0137	29	8	40E, 10C
bromomethane	10/92	0.0429	31	8	3R
chlorobenzene	1990	0.22	27	7	40R
	10/92	1.18	28	8
chloroform	1990	0.014	7	7	20E, 100C
	10/92	0.0119	31	8
chloromethane	10/92	0.534	30	8	NA
1,1-dichloroethane	10/92	0.184	31	8	carcinogen
1,2-dichloroethane	10/92	0.213	46	8	8C
1,2-dichloroethylene	10/92	0.306	46	8	20E, 1C
1,2-dichloroethylene (total)	1990	90	27	7	NA (cis) 40R (trans)
(trans)	10/92	0.714	30	8
trans-1,3-dichloropropylene	10/92	0.327	31	8	carcinogen
ethylbenzene	1990	210	32	7	200R
	10/92	317	31	8
methylene chloride	1990	70	32	7	100E, 90C
	10/92	34	31	8
styrene	10/92	0.787	33	8	carcinogen
1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane	10/92	0.180	31	8	4C
tetrachloroethylene	10/92	0.553	33	8	10C
toluene	1990	280	32	7	400R
	10/92	54.9	31	8
1,1,1-trichloroethane	10/92	0.284	29	8	NA
1,1,2-trichloroethane	10/92	0.169	29	8	60C
trichloroethylene	1990	610	27	7	60C
	10/92	6.61	31	8
vinyl chloride	10/92	6.03	33	8	0.04E, carcinogen
xylenes (total)	10/92	458	33	8	400Ei
acenaphthylene	10/92	0.11	46	8	NA
benzo(a)anthracene	1990	7.9	13	7	carcinogen
	4/92	7.J	1-1.5	3
	10/92	13	29	8
benzo(a)pyrene	1990	9.5	13	7	0.1C
	4/92	5.2J	1-1.5	3
	10/92	13	29	8
benzo(b)fluoranthene	1990	9.3	13	7	carcinogen
	4/92	7.2J	1-1.5	3
	10/92	18	29	8
benzo(g,h,i)perylene	1990	2.7	17	7	NA
	4/92	2.7J	1-1.5	3
	10/92	6.9	29	8
benzo(k)fluoranthene	1990	7.2	13	7	carcinogen
	10/92	7.2	29	8
chrysene	1990	7.9	13	7	carcinogen
	4/92	6.3J	1-1.5	3
	10/92	15	29	8
dibenzo(a,h)anthracene	10/92	3.4	29	8	carcinogen
indeno(1,2,3-c,d)pyrene	1990	6.3	13	7	carcinogen
	4/92	4.7J	1-1.5	3
	10/92	18	29	8
2-methylnaphthalene	4/92	0.051J	4-5	3	NA
naphthalene	1990	6.7	13	7	NA
	4/92	1.7J	1-1.5	3
	10/92	2.6	29	8
phenanthrene	1990	31	13	7	NA
	4/92	14	1-1.5	3
	10/92	72	29	8
benzidine (dibenzothiophene)(16)	1990	80	13	7	4E, 0.003C (NA)
carbazole	4/92	2.5J	1-1.5	3	NA
dibenzofuran	4/92	0.98J	1-1.5	3	NA
di-n-octylphthalate	10/92	0.46	33	8	NA
PCBs (total)	1990	24,000	32	7	0.04E, 0.09C
	4/92	4.3	0.2-0.5	3
	10/92	2,100	33	8
alpha-BHC	1990	0.0093	11	7	0.1C
gamma-BHC	1990	0.16	32	7	0.6E, carcinogen
	4/92	0.01P	0.2-0.5	3
	10/92	0.026	28	8
gamma-chlordane	1990	0.34	14	7	0.5C
	10/92	0.0085	35	8
4,4'-DDD	1990	0.25	32	7	3C
	10/92	0.028	29	8
dieldrin	1990	0.028	11	7	0.1E, 0.04C
	10/92	0.0016	50	8
heptachlor epoxide	1990	0.0024	28	7	0.03R
1,3-dichlorobenzene	10/92	0.0368	31	8	NA
1,4-dichlorobenzene	1990	1.1	13	7	carcinogen
	10/92	0.46	28	8
hexachlorobenzene	1990	6.5	27	7	2E, 0.4C
	10/92	0.0031	46	8
hexachlorobutadiene	1990	0.016	32	7	0.4Ei
1,2,3,4-tetrachlorobenzene	1990	0.14	32	7	NA
1,2,3-trichlorobenzene	1990	0.18	32	7	NA
1,2,4-trichlorobenzene	1990	0.60	32	7	20R
	10/92	0.0088	46	8
antimony	1990	3.3	7	7	0.8R
arsenic	1990	19	9	7	0.6E, 0.4C
	4/92	9.9	4-5	3
barium	4/92	205	4-5	3	100R
beryllium	1990	5	17	7	10R, 0.2C
	4/92	1.8	1-1.5	3
cadmium	1990	4	7	7	1E, carcinogen
	4/92	1.3J	4-5	3
chromium	1990	62	11	7	2,000R (III) 10R, 60C (VI)
	4/92	64.2	4-5	3
cobalt	1990	15	9	7	NA
	4/92	8.2J	4-5	3
copper	1990	92	7	7	NA
	4/92	84.5	4-5	3
lead	1990	220	7	7	carcinogen
	4/92	311	4-5	3
manganese	4/92	667	4-5	3	300R
mercury	1990	0.23	8	7	NA
	4/92	0.43	4-5	3
nickel	1990	34	9	7	40R, carcinogen
vanadium	4/92	24.1	4-5	3	NA
zinc	1990	860	7	7	600R
	4/92	441	4-5	3

Only chemicals that were detected are listed

Bolded chemicals exceed comparison values.
J – Estimated Concentration: below Contract Required Detection Level, but above Instrument Detection Limit
(III) – For chromium(III)
(VI) – For chromium(VI)
NA – None Available
carcinogen – Carcinogen (proven, probable, or possible) but no CREG available

Comparison Value Bases

E – ATSDR Environmental Media Evaluation Guides (EMEGs)
Ei – ATSDR EMEGs, intermediate-duration exposure
R – ATSDR Reference Dose Media Evaluation Guides (RMEGs), calculated from U.S. EPA Reference Dose, assuming child ingestion
C – ATSDR Cancer Risk Evaluation Guides (CREGs), for 1 x 10^-6 estimated excess cancer risk (a significant additional risk of developing cancer is taken to be one additional case of cancer in a population of 1 million people experiencing the exposure)

Table 7. Concentrations of contaminants of concern in the air at the Bay City Middlegrounds Landfill, from the RI, August 8-18, 1989.

Chemical	Maximum Concentration (µg/m3)				ComparisonValues (µg/m3)
	Background	During Drilling and Sampling
	8/8/89	8/11/89	8/17/89	8/18/89
ethylbenzene	ND (5)	ND (5)	10	ND (5)	200R
methylene chloride	8	ND (5)	23	24	2C
toluene	10	8	32	17	400R
trichloroethylene	ND (5)	ND (5)	ND (5)	5	0.06C
xylenes (total)	ND (5)	ND (5)	12	ND (5)	NA

Reference: 1

Only chemicals that were detected are listed

Bolded chemicals exceed comparison values.

ND – Not Detected, with detection limit.

NA – None Available

Comparison Value Bases

R – U.S. EPA Reference Concentration
C – ATSDR Cancer Risk Evaluation Guides (CREGs), for 1 x 10^-6 estimated excess cancer risk (a significant additional risk of developing cancer is taken to be one additional case of cancer in a population of 1 million people experiencing the exposure)

Table 8. Concentrations of contaminants of concern in air samples collected near the BCM site by the MDNR Air Quality Division, November 11, 1992.

Chemical	Concentration (µg/m3)				Comparison Values (µg/m3)
	upwind		downwind
	10:00-13:00	13:00-15:00	10:00-13:00	13:00-15:00
benzene	0.8	0.9	0.5	1.4	0.1C
1,3-butadiene	ND	ND	0.1	0.1	0.004C
carbon tetrachloride	0.6	0.6	0.3	0.5	0.07C
chlorobenzene	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.05	NA
chloroethane	ND	ND	ND	0.2	10,000R
chloroform	0.1	ND	0.1	0.2	0.04C
chloromethane	1	1	1.0	1.4	800E
1,3-dichlorobenzene	0.06	ND	0.06	ND	NA
1,4-dichlorobenzene	1.3	1	0.7	3	1,200Ei,carcinogen
1,1-dichloroethane	0.4	ND	ND	ND	carcinogen
1,3-dichloropropylene (cis)	2.1	1	2	0.3	9E, carcinogen
ethylbenzene	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.4	NA
methylene chloride	17.2	19.1	19.9	157.6	2C
tetrachloroethylene	0.4	0.2	0.4	0.5	2C
toluene	1.1	1.2	1.0	5	400R
1,1,1-trichloroethane	1.1	1.5	0.8	4	4,000Ei
trichloroethylene	0.1	ND	0.1	0.1	0.6C
1,3,5-trimethylbenzene	0.1	0.05	ND	0.2	NA
xylenes (total)	1.1	1.6	1.1	3.1	NA

Reference: 18
Only chemicals that were detected are listed
Bolded chemicals exceed comparison values.
ND – Not Detected, with detection limit.
NA – None Available
carcinogen – Carcinogen (proven, probable, or possible) but no CREG available

Comparison Value Bases

E – ATSDR Environmental Media Evaluation Guides (EMEGs)
Ei – ATSDR EMEGs, intermediate-duration exposure
R – U.S. EPA Reference Concentration
C – ATSDR Cancer Risk Evaluation Guides (CREGs), for 1 x 10^-6 estimated excess cancer risk (a significant additional risk of developing cancer is taken to be one additional case of cancer in a population of 1 million people experiencing the exposure)

Table 9. Concentrations of volatile contaminants of concern in samples of soil gas from the BCM site, collected during Phase III of the RI during September and October 1992.

Chemical	Maximum Concentration (µg/m3)	Comparison Value (µg/m3)
benzene	0.87	0.1C
bromodichloromethane	0.41	carcinogen
chlorobenzene	0.78	NA
chloroform	2.4	0.04C
chloromethane	0.08	800E
1,3-dichlorobenzene	0.2	NA
1,4-dichlorobenzene	0.19	1,200Ei, carcinogen
1,1-dichloroethane	0.05	carcinogen
1,2-dichloroethane	0.1	0.04C
1,1-dichloroethylene	0.11	0.02C
cis-1,3-dichloropropylene	0.06	9E, carcinogen
toluene	17	400R
1,1,1-trichloroethane	1	4,000Ei
1,1,2-trichloroethane	7.4	0.06C
vinyl chloride	0.05	carcinogen
xylenes	3.7	NA

Reference: 8

Only chemicals that were detected are listed

Bolded chemicals exceed comparison values.

NA – None Available
carcinogen – Carcinogen (proven, probable, or possible) but no CREG available

Comparison Value Bases

E – ATSDR Environmental Media Evaluation Guides (EMEGs)
Ei – ATSDR EMEGs, intermediate-duration exposure
R – U.S. EPA Reference Concentration
C – ATSDR Cancer Risk Evaluation Guides (CREGs), for 1 x 10^-6 estimated excess cancer risk (a significant additional risk of developing cancer is taken to be one additional case of cancer in a population of 1 million people experiencing the exposure)

Table 10. Concentrations of contaminants of concern found in a residential well north of the Bay City Middlegrounds Landfill, October 1988.

Chemical	Concentration (ppb)	Comparison Value (ppb)
cadmium	1.3	7E, carcinogen
manganese	850	50R

Reference: 19

Only chemicals that were detected are listed

Bolded chemicals exceed comparison values.

carcinogen – Carcinogen (proven, probable, or possible) but no CREG available

Comparison Value Bases

E – ATSDR Environmental Media Evaluation Guides (EMEGs)
R – ATSDR Reference Dose Media Evaluation Guides (RMEGs), calculated from U.S. EPA Reference Dose, assuming child ingestion

Table 11. Off-site shallow sub-surface soil concentrations of contaminants of concern, from the ESI, 1992.

Chemical	Maximum Concentration (ppm)		Comparison Value (ppm)
	North	South
benzene	0.002J	ND	20C
chlorobenzene	0.002J	ND	40R
chloroform	0.002J	ND	20E, 100C
1,2-dichloroethylene (total)	0.002J	ND	NA (cis);   40R (trans)
ethylbenzene	0.002J	ND	200R
toluene	0.003J	ND	400R
1,1,1-trichloroethane	0.002J	ND	NA
trichloroethylene	0.002J	ND	60C
xylenes (total)	0.005J	ND	400Ei
benzo(a)anthracene	0.048J	3.5J	carcinogen
benzo(a)pyrene	0.039J	3.4J	0.1C
benzo(b)fluoranthene	0.08J	4.9J	carcinogen
benzo(g,h,i)perylene	ND	0.8	NA
benzo(k)fluoranthene	0.02J	1.7J	carcinogen
chrysene	0.057J	3.1	carcinogen
indeno(1,2,3-c,d)pyrene	ND	1.1J	carcinogen
2-methylnaphthalene	ND	0.04J	NA
naphthalene	0.009J	0.043J	NA
phenanthrene	0.068J	2.4	NA
gamma-chlordane	ND	0.033J	0.5C
4,4'-DDD	0.0013J	ND	3C
PCBs (total)	0.087J	ND	0.04E, 0.09C
carbazole	ND	0.23J	NA
dibenzofuran	ND	0.089J	NA
arsenic	6.2	3.1	0.6E, 0.4C
barium	192	56	100R
beryllium	0.86J	1.2	10R, 0.2C
chromium	18.4	10.4	2,000R (III) 10R, 60C (VI)
cobalt	4.7J	4.7J	NA
copper	19.4	20.4	NA
lead	98.4	171	carcinogen
manganese	340	210	300R
mercury	ND (0.12)	0.15	NA
nickel	19	13	40R, carcinogen
vanadium	12.9	14.2	NA
zinc	67.9	73.6	600R

Reference: 3

Only chemicals that were detected are listed

Bolded chemicals exceed comparison values.

ND – Not Detected (with detection limit)

J – Estimated Concentration: below Contract Required Detection Level, but above Instrument Detection Limit

(III)– For chromium(III)
(VI)– For chromium(VI)

NA – None Available
carcinogen – Carcinogen (proven, probable, or possible) but no CREG available

Comparison Value Bases

E – ATSDR Environmental Media Evaluation Guides (EMEGs)
Ei – ATSDR EMEGs, intermediate-duration exposure
R – ATSDR Reference Dose Media Evaluation Guides (RMEGs), calculated from U.S. EPA Reference Dose, assuming child ingestion
C – ATSDR Cancer Risk Evaluation Guides (CREGs), for 1 x 10^-6 estimated excess cancer risk (a significant additional risk of developing cancer is taken to be one additional case of cancer in a population of 1 million people experiencing the exposure)

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