BRONSON, BRANCH COUNTY, MICHIGAN
Table 1. Contaminants of concern at the North Bronson Industrial Area site.
| VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS | OTHER SEMI-VOLATILE ORGANIC |
| acetone benzene chlorobenzene chloroform 1,1-dichloroethane 1,1-dichloroethylene 1,2-dichloroethylene ethyl benzene methyl ethyl ketone methylene chloride 1,1,1-trichloroethane trichloroethylene vinyl chloride xylenes | benzyl alcohol bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate butylbenzylphthalate carbazole 4-chloro-3-methylphenol dibenzofuran 1,4-dichlorobenzene dimethyl phthalate di-n-octylphthalate 4-methylphenol 4-nitrophenol |
| POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS | METALS AND INORGANIC CHEMICALS |
| acenaphthylene benzo(a)anthracene benzo(b)fluoranthene benzo(k)fluoranthene benzo(g,h,i)perylene benzo(a)pyrene chrysene dibenzo(a,h)anthracene indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene 2-methylnaphthalene naphthalene phenanthrene | antimony arsenic barium beryllium cadmium chromium cobalt copper cyanide lead manganese mercury nickel thallium vanadium zinc |
| PESTICIDES AND POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS (PCBs) | |
| gamma-BHC delta-BHC heptachlor epoxide PCBs |
Table 2. Chronology of sampling of residential wells near the North Bronson Industrial Area site, 1974-1995.
| Well # | 1974 | 19841 | 9/88 (RI)2 | 12/883 | 1/894 | 9/89 (RI)2 | 7/933 | 10/933 | 7/953 | 8/955 |
| RW-1 | X | Well Replaced | + | |||||||
| RW-2 | + | + | + | + | X | X | Well Replaced | |||
| RW-3 | X | Well Replaced | ||||||||
| RW-4 | X | X | Well Replaced | |||||||
| RW-5 | + | + | + | + | ||||||
| RW-6 | + | + | + | + | ||||||
| RW-7 | + | + | + | + | ||||||
| RW-8 | + | + | + | + | + | |||||
| RW-9 | + | + | + | |||||||
| RW-10 | + | + | + | |||||||
| RW-11 | + | + | ||||||||
| RW-12 | + | |||||||||
| RW-13 | + | + | ||||||||
| RW-14 | + | + | ||||||||
| RW-15 | + | + | ||||||||
| RW-16 | + | |||||||||
| RW-17 | + | |||||||||
| RW-18 | + | |||||||||
| RW-19 | + | |||||||||
| RW-20 | + | |||||||||
| RW-21 | + | |||||||||
| RW-22 | + | |||||||||
| RW-23 | + | |||||||||
| RW-24 | + | |||||||||
| RW-25 | + | |||||||||
| RW-26 | + | |||||||||
| RW-27 | + | |||||||||
| RW-28 | + | |||||||||
| RW-29 | + | |||||||||
Analysis Performed 1. VOCs, metals, cyanide, bacteria 2. VOCs, semi-VOCs, polychlorinated biphenyls/pesticides, inorganic chemicals 3. VOCs 4. VOCs, general chemistry 5. VOCs, metals, cyanide
Table 3. Cross-reference table for private well identification between this assessment and the remedial investigation (RI) report (Reference 1).
| Well # | RI Round 1 | RI Round 2 |
| RW-02 | PW2 | PW5 |
| RW-05 | PW1 | PW2 |
| RW-06 | PW5 | PW6 |
| RW-07 | PW4 | PW3 |
| RW-08 | PW7 | PW4 |
| City well PW-3 | PW3 | PW1 |
"[The RI contractor's] sample designations for private wells are different between Rounds 1 and2 because samplers collecting Round 2 samples were unaware of Round 1 designations." (Reference 1, p. 2-4)
Table 4. Concentrations of contaminants of concern found in water from residential and municipal wells within the North Bronson Industrial Area site study area.
| Chemical | Date | Maximum Concentration (ppb) | Reference | Comparison Value (ppb) |
| acetone | 1974 | ca 5,000 | 1 | 1,000R |
| 10/84 | ND | 6 | ||
| 9/88 | ND | 1 | ||
| 9/89 | ND | 1 | ||
| 12/88 | ND | 7 | ||
| 1993 | ND | 7 | ||
| arsenic | 10/84 | ND | 6 | 3E, 0.02C |
| 9/88 | 3.6 | 1 | ||
| 9/89 | 6.1 | 1 | ||
| beryllium | 10/84 | ND | 6 | 50R, 0.008C |
| 9/88 | ND | 1 | ||
| 9/89 | 3.3 | 1 | ||
| 1,1-dichloroethylene | 1974 | ND | 1 | 90E, 0.06C |
| 10/84 | ND | 6 | ||
| 9/88 | ND | 1 | ||
| 9/89 | ND | 1 | ||
| 12/88 | 2 | 7 | ||
| 1993 | ND | 7 | ||
| cis-1,2-dichloroethylene | 1974 | ND | 1 | 70A |
| 10/84 | ND | 6 | ||
| 9/88 | ND | 1 | ||
| 9/89 | ND | 1 | ||
| 12/88 | 24 | 7 | ||
| 1993 | ND | 7 | ||
| trans-1,2-dichloroethylene | 1974 | ND | 1 | 100A |
| 10/84 | ND | 6 | ||
| 9/88 | ND | 1 | ||
| 9/89 | ND | 1 | ||
| 12/88 | 1 | 7 | ||
| 1993 | ND | 7 | ||
| manganese | 10/84 | ND | 6 | 50R |
| 9/88 | 97 | 1 | ||
| 9/89 | 123 | 1 | ||
| methyl ethyl ketone | 1974 | ca 5,000 | 1 | 6,000R |
| 10/84 | ND | 6 | ||
| 9/88 | ND | 1 | ||
| 9/89 | ND | 1 | ||
| 12/88 | ND | 7 | ||
| 1993 | ND | 7 | ||
| 1,1,1-trichloroethane | 1974 | ND | 1 | 200A |
| 10/84 | ND | 6 | ||
| 9/88 | ND | 1 | ||
| 9/89 | ND | 1 | ||
| 12/88 | ND | 7 | ||
| 1993 | 0.07 | 7 | ||
| trichloroethylene | 1974 | ND | 1 | 3C |
| 10/84 | ND | 6 | ||
| 9/88 | ND | 1 | ||
| 9/89 | ND | 1 | ||
| 12/88 | 457 | 7 | ||
| 1993 | 82 | 7 | ||
| vinyl chloride | 1974 | ND | 1 | 0.2E, carcinogen |
| 10/84 | ND | 6 | ||
| 9/88 | ND | 1 | ||
| 9/89 | ND | 1 | ||
| 12/88 | 6 | 7 | ||
| 1993 | ND | 7 | ||
| zinc | 10/84 | ND | 6 | 3,000R |
| 9/88 | 433 | 1 | ||
| 9/89 | 40 | 1 |
Shaded chemicals exceed comparison values Contaminants of concern that are not listed were not detected ND -- Not Detected Comparison Value Bases:
E -- ATSDR Environmental Media Evaluation Guides (EMEGs)
R -- ATSDR Reference Dose Media Evaluation Guides (RMEGs), calculated from EPA Reference Dose, assuming child ingestion
C -- ATSDR Cancer Risk Evaluation Guides (CREGs), for 1 x 10-6 estimated excess cancer risk (a significant additional risk of developing cancer is taken to be one additional case of cancer in a population of 1 million people experiencing the exposure)
Table 5. Concentrations of contaminants of concern in water from monitoring wells on the North Bronson Industrial Area site study area.
| Chemical | Date | Maximum Concentration (ppb) | Reference | Comparison Value (ppb) |
| acetone | 1974 | ca 1,000 | 1 | 1,000R |
| 1988 | ND (10) | 1 | ||
| 1989 | ND (10) | 1 | ||
| 1991 | ND (10) | 1 | ||
| arsenic | 1988 | 9.9 | 1 | 3E, 0.02C |
| 1989 | 9.2 | 1 | ||
| 1991 | 12.1 | 1 | ||
| benzene | 1988 | ND (10) | 1 | 1C |
| 1989 | 1.J | 1 | ||
| 1991 | ND (10) | 1 | ||
| bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate | 1988 | 3.J | 1 | 200R, 3C |
| 1989 | 18.J | 1 | ||
| 1991 | -- | 1 | ||
| cadmium | 1988 | 120 | 1 | 7E, carcinogen |
| 1989 | 301 | 1 | ||
| 1991 | 58 | 1 | ||
| chromium (total) | 1979 | 430 | 3 | 10,000R (III) 50R, 3C (VI) |
| 1988 | 32 | 1 | ||
| 1989 | 41.9 | 1 | ||
| 1991 | ND (10) | 1 | ||
| (hexavalent) | 1988 | ND (10) | 1 | |
| 1989 | ND (10) | 1 | ||
| 1991 | ND (10) | 1 | ||
| cobalt | 1988 | 15.9 | 1 | NA |
| 1989 | ND (3) | 1 | ||
| 1991 | ND (3) | 1 | ||
| copper | 1979 | 110 | 3 | 1,300MG |
| 1988 | 18.9J | 1 | ||
| 1989 | ND (6) | 1 | ||
| 1991 | 19.1 | 1 | ||
| cyanide | 1988 | 28 | 1 | 200R |
| 1989 | 2,960 | 1 | ||
| 1991 | 531 | 1 | ||
| 1,1-dichloroethane | 1988 | 72 | 1 | carcinogen |
| 1989 | ND (10) | 1 | ||
| 1991 | 4.J | 1 | ||
| 1,1-dichloroethylene | 1988 | ND (10) | 1 | 90E, 0.06C |
| 1989 | 3 | 1 | ||
| 1991 | ND (10) | 1 | ||
| 1,2-dichloroethylene (total) | 1988 | 270 | 1 | 70A (cis) 100A (trans) |
| 1989 | 1,600 | 1 | ||
| 1991 | 35,000 | 1 | ||
| lead | 1979 | 43 | 3 | 15PL, carcinogen |
| 1988 | 24 | 1 | ||
| 1989 | 7.8 | 1 | ||
| 1991 | 1.2 | 1 | ||
| manganese | 1988 | 498 | 1 | 50R |
| 1989 | 912 | 1 | ||
| 1991 | 442 | 1 | ||
| mercury | 1988 | ND (0.2) | 1 | 2A |
| 1989 | ND (0.2) | 1 | ||
| 1991 | 2.3 | 1 | ||
| methylene chloride | 1988 | ND (10) | 1 | 600E, 5C |
| 1989 | ND (10) | 1 | ||
| 1991 | 3.J | 1 | ||
| methyl ethyl ketone | 1974 | ca 1,000 | 1 | 6,000R |
| 1988 | ND (10) | 1 | ||
| 1989 | ND (10) | 1 | ||
| 1991 | ND (10) | 1 | ||
| nickel | 1979 | 1,100 | 3 | 200R, carcinogen |
| 1988 | 576 | 1 | ||
| 1989 | 479 | 1 | ||
| 1991 | 247 | 1 | ||
| 1,1,1-trichloroethane | 1988 | 3,600 | 1 | 200A |
| 1989 | ND (10) | 1 | ||
| 1991 | 14.J | 1 | ||
| trichloroethylene | 1979 | 190 | 3 | 3C |
| 1988 | 320 | 1 | ||
| 1989 | 700 | 1 | ||
| 1991 | 30,000 | 1 | ||
| vinyl chloride | 1988 | 100 | 1 | 0.2E, carcinogen |
| 1989 | 5 | 1 | ||
| 1991 | 5,200 | 1 | ||
| zinc | 1979 | 20,000 | 3 | 3,000R |
| 1988 | 8,800 | 1 | ||
| 1989 | 999 | 1 | ||
| 1991 | 26.5 | 1 |
Shaded chemicals exceed comparison values Contaminants of concern that are not listed were not detected ND -- Not Detected (with Detection Level)
J -- Estimated Value
(III) -- For chromium(III)
(VI) -- For chromium(VI)
NA -- None Available
carcinogen -- Carcinogen (proven, probable, or possible) but no CREG available Comparison Value Bases:
E -- ATSDR Environmental Media Evaluation Guides (EMEGs)
R -- ATSDR Reference Dose Media Evaluation Guides (RMEGs), calculated from EPA Reference Dose, assuming child ingestion
C -- ATSDR Cancer Risk Evaluation Guides (CREGs), for 1 x 10-6 estimated excess cancer risk (a significant additional risk of developing cancer is taken to be one additional case of cancer in a population of 1 million people experiencing the exposure)
A -- U.S. EPA Drinking Water Lifetime Health Advisory
PL -- U.S. EPA Proposed Action Level for Lead in Drinking Water
Table 6. Concentrations of contaminants of concern in surface soil samples collected from the North Bronson Industrial Area site study area in 1991.
| Chemical | Maximum Concentration (ppm) | Comparison Value (ppm) | |||
| ball field | L.A. Darling | Scott Fetzer | Cyanide Destr. | ||
| acetone | ND (0.015) | 0.03J | ND (0.011) | ND (0.011) | 200R |
| antimony | ND (4.1) | 4.6J | ND (3.9) | ND (4.6) | 0.8R |
| arsenic | 4.8 | 10.7 | 5.7 | 30.4 | 0.6E, 0.5C |
| barium | 43.6 | 252 | 41 | 447 | 100R |
| beryllium | 0.26J | 1.6 | 3.6 | 2.4 | 10R, 0.2C |
| cadmium | 0.79J | 76.3 | ND (0.65) | 1.8 | 1E, carcinogen |
| chromium (total) | 13.5 | 102 | 7.3 | 25.3 | 2,000R (III) 10R, 60C (VI) |
| cobalt | 3.2 | 21 | 2.2 | 7.7 | NA |
| copper | 30.6 | 399 | 64.8 | 114 | NA |
| cyanide | ND (0.33) | 3.5 | ND (0.16) | 0.28 | 40R |
| lead | 25.6 | 193 | 42.7 | 279 | carcinogen |
| manganese | 194 | 517.J | 237 | 705 | 300R |
| mercury | ND (0.06) | 0.14 | 0.12 | 0.14 | NA |
| nickel | 8 | 273 | 5.4 | 20.7 | 40R, carcinogen |
| thallium | ND (0.23) | 0.58 | 0.28 | 0.56 | NA |
| trichloroethylene | ND (0.011) | 0.004J | ND (0.011) | 0.007J | 4Ei, 60C |
| vanadium | 22.7 | 27.5 | 10.4 | 30.7 | 6Ei |
| zinc | 50.5 | 456 | 83.8 | 418 | 600R |
J -- Estimated Value
NA -- None Available (III) -- For chromium(III)
(VI) -- For chromium(VI) carcinogen -- Carcinogen (proven, probable, or possible) but no CREG available Comparison Value Bases:
E -- ATSDR Environmental Media Evaluation Guides (EMEGs)
Ei -- ATSDR Environmental Media Evaluation Guides (EMEGs), intermediate-duration exposure
R -- ATSDR Reference Dose Media Evaluation Guides (RMEGs), calculated from U.S. EPA Reference Dose, assuming child ingestion
C -- ATSDR Cancer Risk Evaluation Guides (CREGs), for 1 x 10-6 estimated excess cancer risk (a significant additional risk of developing cancer is taken to be one additional case of cancer in a population of 1 million people experiencing the exposure)
Table 7. Concentrations of contaminants of concern in lagoon berm subsurface soil samples collected from the North Bronson Industrial Area site study area in 1989.
| Chemical | Maximum Concentration (ppm) | Comparison Value (ppm) | |
| east | west | ||
| acetone | 0.031J | ND (0.011) | 200R |
| antimony | 42 | 60 | 0.8R |
| arsenic | 15.J | 28.J | 0.6E, 0.5C |
| barium | 67 | 54 | 100R |
| benzene | 0.003 | 0.006 | 20C |
| cadmium | 1,900.J | 1,450.J | 1E, carcinogen |
| chromium (total) | 1,930.J | 2,870.J | 2,000R (III) 10R, 60C (VI) |
| cobalt | 5.7 | 16 | NA |
| copper | 437 | 1,380 | NA |
| cyanide | 43 | 58 | 40R |
| lead | 30 | 106 | carcinogen |
| manganese | 310.J | 240.J | 300R |
| nickel | 1,700.J | 2,340.J | 40R, carcinogen |
| PCBs | 0.48 | ND (0.36) | 0.04E, 0.09C |
| phenanthrene | 0.13J | ND (0.74) | NA |
| vanadium | 18 | 12 | 6Ei |
| zinc | 1,010.J | 903.J | 600R |
J -- Estimated Value NA -- None Available (III) -- For chromium(III)
(VI) -- For chromium(VI) carcinogen -- Carcinogen (proven, probable, or possible) but no CREG available Comparison Value Bases:
E -- ATSDR Environmental Media Evaluation Guides (EMEGs)
Ei -- ATSDR Environmental Media Evaluation Guides (EMEGs), intermediate-duration exposure
R -- ATSDR Reference Dose Media Evaluation Guides (RMEGs), calculated from EPA Reference Dose, assuming child ingestion
C -- ATSDR Cancer Risk Evaluation Guides (CREGs), for 1 x 10-6 estimated excess cancer risk (a significant additional risk of developing cancer is taken to be one additional case of cancer in a population of 1 million people experiencing the exposure)
Table 8. Concentrations of contaminants of concern in subsurface soil samples collected from the North Bronson Industrial Area site study area.
| Chemical | Date | Maximum Concentration (ppm) | Comparison Value (ppm) |
| acenaphthylene | 1989 | 0.37J | NA |
| 1991 | 12.J | ||
| acetone | 1989 | 0.011J | 200R |
| 1991 | ND (0.18) | ||
| antimony | 1989 | ND (7.1) | 0.8R |
| 1991 | 19.8J | ||
| arsenic | 1989 | 95.9 | 0.6E, 0.5C |
| 1991 | 16.5 | ||
| barium | 1989 | 594 | 100R |
| 1991 | 70.7 | ||
| benzene | 1989 | ND (0.008) | 20C |
| 1991 | 0.001J | ||
| benzo(a)anthracene | 1989 | 1.7 | carcinogen |
| 1991 | 17.J | ||
| benzo(b)fluoranthene | 1989 | 3 | carcinogen |
| 1991 | 290.X | ||
| benzo(k)fluoranthene | 1989 | ND (1.1) | carcinogen |
| 1991 | 290.X | ||
| benzo(g,h,i)perylene | 1989 | 1.8 | NA |
| 1991 | 37.J | ||
| benzo(a)pyrene | 1989 | 0.91 | 0.1C |
| 1991 | 35.J | ||
| beryllium | 1989 | 157 | 10R, 0.2C |
| 1991 | 0.41 | ||
| gamma-BHC | 1989 | ND (0.27) | 0.08Ei, carcinogen |
| 1991 | 0.00044J | ||
| delta-BHC | 1989 | ND (0.27) | NA |
| 1991 | 0.0022J | ||
| bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate | 1989 | 6.2 | 40R, 50C |
| 1991 | 0.55J | ||
| butylbenzylphthalate | 1989 | ND (1.1) | 400R, carcinogen |
| 1991 | 0.07J | ||
| cadmium | 1989 | 4,900 | 1E, carcinogen |
| 1991 | 2,210 | ||
| chlorobenzene | 1989 | 0.003 | 40R |
| 1991 | ND (0.012) | ||
| chloroform | 1989 | ND (0.01) | 20E, 100C |
| 1991 | 0.078 | ||
| chromium (total) | 1989 | 14,500 | 2,000R (III) 10R, 60C (VI) |
| 1991 | 3,000. | ||
| chrysene | 1989 | 2.1 | carcinogen |
| 1991 | 11 | ||
| cobalt | 1989 | 19.9 | NA |
| 1991 | 9.6 | ||
| copper | 1989 | 2,110 | NA |
| 1991 | 882 | ||
| cyanide | 1989 | 171 | 40R |
| 1991 | 584 | ||
| dibenzo(a)anthracene | 1989 | ND (1.1) | carcinogen |
| 1991 | 15.J | ||
| dibenzofuran | 1989 | 0.42J | NA |
| 1991 | 0.067J | ||
| 1,4-dichlorobenzene | 1989 | ND (1.1) | carcinogen |
| 1991 | 0.86J | ||
| 1,2-dichloroethylene (total) | 1989 | ND (0.008) | 40R (trans) NA (cis) |
| 1991 | 0.014 | ||
| dimethyl phthalate | 1989 | ND (1.1) | NA |
| 1991 | 0.072J | ||
| di-n-octylphthalate | 1989 | ND (1.1) | NA |
| 1991 | 0.081J | ||
| ethyl benzene | 1989 | 0.005 | 200R |
| 1991 | ND (0.012) | ||
| indeno(1,2,3-c,d)pyrene | 1989 | 1.7J | carcinogen |
| 1991 | 42.J | ||
| lead | 1989 | 132 | carcinogen |
| 1991 | 99.6 | ||
| manganese | 1989 | 5,160 | 300R |
| 1991 | 462.J | ||
| mercury | 1989 | ND (0.18) | NA |
| 1991 | 0.42 | ||
| methyl ethyl ketone | 1989 | 0.025J | 1,000R |
| 1991 | 0.016 | ||
| methylene chloride | 1989 | 0.09 | 100R, 90C |
| 1991 | ND (0.093) | ||
| 2-methylnaphthalene | 1989 | 0.4J | NA |
| 1991 | 0.086J | ||
| naphthalene | 1989 | 0.11J | NA |
| 1991 | 1.5J | ||
| nickel | 1989 | 14,400 | 40R, carcinogen |
| 1991 | 2,150 | ||
| 4-nitrophenol | 1989 | ND (5.2) | NA |
| 1991 | 0.035J | ||
| PCBs | 1989 | 0.55J | 0.04E, 0.09C |
| 1991 | 0.21J | ||
| phenanthrene | 1989 | 3.8 | NA |
| 1991 | 4.7J | ||
| thallium | 1989 | 19.4J | NA |
| 1991 | 0.23J | ||
| trichloroethylene | 1989 | 0.083 | 4Ei, 60C |
| 1991 | 0.2 | ||
| vanadium | 1989 | 84.9 | 6Ei |
| 1991 | 23 | ||
| xylenes (total) | 1989 | 0.024 | 400Ei |
| 1991 | ND (0.012) | ||
| zinc | 1989 | 2,480 | 600R |
| 1991 | 915 |
J -- Estimated Value
X -- Total benzo(b)fluoranthene and benzo(k)fluoranthene NA -- None Available (III) -- For chromium(III)
(VI) -- For chromium(VI) carcinogen -- Carcinogen (proven, probable, or possible) but no CREG available Comparison Value Bases:
E -- ATSDR Environmental Media Evaluation Guides (EMEGs)
Ei -- ATSDR Environmental Media Evaluation Guides (EMEGs), intermediate-duration exposure
R -- ATSDR Reference Dose Media Evaluation Guides (RMEGs), calculated from EPA Reference Dose, assuming child ingestion
C -- ATSDR Cancer Risk Evaluation Guides (CREGs), for 1 x 10-6 estimated excess cancer risk (a significant additional risk of developing cancer is taken to be one additional case of cancer in a population of 1 million people experiencing the exposure)
