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PUBLIC HEALTH ASSESSMENT

AMERICAN LINEN (AMERIPRIDE)
(a/k/a AMERIPRIDE SERVICES, INCORPORATED)
HIBBING, ST. LOUIS COUNTY, MINNESOTA



Table 1.

Historical Groundwater Analytical Results
Groundwater Analytical Results (µg/L)
MW-5
Parameter HRL 09/06/96 01/06/97 02/19/97 12/11/97 duplicate
12/11/97		 03/31/98 10/23/98 02/10/99 05/03/99 08/10/99 03/13/00 10/02/00
Acetone 700 NYI NYI ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND NS NS
Benzene 10 NYI NYI ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND NS NS
n-Butylbenzene -- NYI NYI ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND NS NS
sec-Butylbenzene -- NYI NYI ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND NS NS
tert-Butylbenzene -- NYI NYI ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND NS NS
Chloroethane -- NYI NYI ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND NS NS
1,2-Dichloroethane 4 NYI NYI ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND NS NS
1,1-Dichloroethylene 6 NYI NYI ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND NS NS
cis-1,2-Dichloroethylene 70 NYI NYI ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND NS NS
trans-1,2-Dichloroethylene 100 NYI NYI ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND NS NS
Dichlorodifluoromethane 1000 NYI NYI ND ND ND ND ND ND 3.4 ND NS NS
Ethyl Benzene 700 NYI NYI ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND NS NS
Ethyl Ether 1000 NYI NYI ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND NS NS
Isopropylbenzene 300 NYI NYI ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND NS NS
Isopropyltoluene -- NYI NYI 1.4 ND ND ND ND ND ND ND NS NS
Methyl Ethyl Ketone 4000 NYI NYI 6.0 ND ND ND ND ND ND ND NS NS
Methyl Isobutyl Ketone 300 NYI NYI ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND NS NS
Naphthalene 300 NYI NYI ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND NS NS
n-Propylbenzene -- NYI NYI ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND NS NS
Tetrachloroethylene 7 NYI NYI ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND NS NS
Tetrahydrofuran -- NYI NYI ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND NS NS
1,1,1-Trichloroethane 600 NYI NYI ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND NS NS
Toluene 1000 NYI NYI ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND NS NS
1,1,2-Trichloroethylene 30 NYI NYI ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND NS NS
Trichlorofluoromethane 2000 NYI NYI ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND NS NS
1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene -- NYI NYI 1.8 ND ND ND ND ND ND ND NS NS
1,3,5-Trimethylbenzene -- NYI NYI ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND NS NS
Vinyl Chloride 0.2 NYI NYI ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND NS NS
m,p-Xylene 10000* NYI NYI ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND NS NS
o-Xylene 10000* NYI NYI ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND NS NS
Diesel Range Organics -- NYI NYI ND NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NS NS
Gasoline Range Organics -- NYI NYI ND NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NS NS

NYI = Not yet installed
ND = Not detected
NS = Not Sampled
NA = Not analyzed
HRL = Minnesota Department of Health, Health Risk Limit
* = HRL established for mixture of isomers m, o, and p.
Shading indicates concentration exceeds HRL.

Table 2.

Historical Groundwater Analytical Results
Groundwater Analytical Results (µg/L)
MW-6S
Parameter HRL 09/06/96 01/06/97 12/11/97 01/20/98 03/31/97 10/21/98 02/10/99 05/03/99 08/10/99 03/13/00 10/02/00
Acetone 700 NYI NYI NYI ND ND ND ND ND ND NS NS
Benzene 10 NYI NYI NYI ND ND ND ND ND ND NS NS
n-Butylbenzene -- NYI NYI NYI ND ND ND ND ND ND NS NS
sec-Butylbenzene -- NYI NYI NYI ND ND ND ND ND ND NS NS
tert-Butylbenzene -- NYI NYI NYI ND ND ND ND ND ND NS NS
Chloroethane -- NYI NYI NYI ND ND ND ND ND ND NS NS
1,2-Dichloroethane 4 NYI NYI NYI ND ND ND ND ND ND NS NS
1,1-Dichloroethylene 6 NYI NYI NYI ND ND ND ND ND ND NS NS
cis-1,2-Dichloroethylene 70 NYI NYI NYI ND ND ND ND ND ND NS NS
trans-1,2-Dichloroethylene 100 NYI NYI NYI ND ND ND ND ND ND NS NS
Dichlorodifluoromethane 1000 NYI NYI NYI ND ND ND ND ND ND NS NS
Ethyl Benzene 700 NYI NYI NYI ND ND ND ND ND ND NS NS
Ethyl Ether 1000 NYI NYI NYI ND ND ND ND ND ND NS NS
Isopropylbenzene 300 NYI NYI NYI ND ND ND ND ND ND NS NS
Isopropyltoluene -- NYI NYI NYI ND ND ND ND ND ND NS NS
Methyl Ethyl Ketone 4000 NYI NYI NYI ND ND ND ND ND ND NS NS
Methyl Isobutyl Ketone 300 NYI NYI NYI ND ND ND ND ND ND NS NS
Naphthalene 300 NYI NYI NYI ND ND ND ND ND ND NS NS
n-Propylbenzene -- NYI NYI NYI ND ND ND ND ND ND NS NS
Tetrachloroethylene 7 NYI NYI NYI ND ND ND ND ND ND NS NS
Tetrahydrofuran -- NYI NYI NYI ND ND ND ND ND ND NS NS
1,1,1-Trichloroethane 600 NYI NYI NYI ND ND ND ND ND ND NS NS
Toluene 1000 NYI NYI NYI ND ND ND ND ND ND NS NS
1,1,2-Trichloroethylene 30 NYI NYI NYI ND ND ND ND ND ND NS NS
Trichlorofluoromethane 2000 NYI NYI NYI ND ND ND ND ND ND NS NS
1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene -- NYI NYI NYI ND ND ND ND ND ND NS NS
1,3,5-Trimethylbenzene -- NYI NYI NYI ND ND ND ND ND ND NS NS
Vinyl Chloride 0.2 NYI NYI NYI ND ND ND ND ND ND NS NS
m,p-Xylene 10000* NYI NYI NYI ND ND ND ND ND ND NS NS
o-Xylene 10000* NYI NYI NYI ND ND ND ND ND ND NS NS
Diesel Range Organics -- NYI NYI NYI NA NA NA NA NA NA NS NS
Gasoline Range Organics -- NYI NYI NYI NA NA NA NA NA NA NS NS
 

NYI = Not yet installed
ND = Not detected
NA = Not analyzed
NS = Not Sampled
HRL = Minnesota Department of Health, Health Risk Limit
* = HRL established for mixture of isomers m, o, and p.
Shading indicates concentration exceeds HRL.


Table 2.

Historical Groundwater Analytical Results
Groundwater Analytical Results (µg/L)
MW-6D
Parameter HRL 09/06/96 01/06/97 12/11/97 01/20/98 03/31/97 10/21/98 02/10/99 05/03/99 08/10/99 03/13/00 10/02/00
Acetone 700 NYI NYI NYI 41 23 ND ND ND NA NS NS
Benzene 10 NYI NYI NYI ND ND ND ND ND NA NS NS
n-Butylbenzene -- NYI NYI NYI ND ND ND ND ND NA NS NS
sec-Butylbenzene -- NYI NYI NYI ND ND ND ND ND NA NS NS
tert-Butylbenzene -- NYI NYI NYI ND ND ND ND ND NA NS NS
Chloroethane -- NYI NYI NYI ND ND ND ND ND NA NS NS
1,2-Dichloroethane 4 NYI NYI NYI ND ND ND ND ND NA NS NS
1,1-Dichloroethylene 6 NYI NYI NYI ND ND ND ND ND NA NS NS
cis-1,2-Dichloroethylene 70 NYI NYI NYI ND ND ND ND ND NA NS NS
trans-1,2-Dichloroethylene 100 NYI NYI NYI ND ND ND ND ND NA NS NS
Dichlorodifluoromethane 1000 NYI NYI NYI ND ND ND ND ND NA NS NS
Ethyl Benzene 700 NYI NYI NYI ND ND ND ND ND NA NS NS
Ethyl Ether 1000 NYI NYI NYI ND ND ND ND ND NA NS NS
Isopropylbenzene 300 NYI NYI NYI ND ND ND ND ND NA NS NS
Isopropyltoluene -- NYI NYI NYI ND ND ND ND ND NA NS NS
Methyl Ethyl Ketone 4000 NYI NYI NYI 5.4 ND ND ND ND NA NS NS
Methyl Isobutyl Ketone 300 NYI NYI NYI ND ND ND ND ND NA NS NS
Naphthalene 300 NYI NYI NYI ND ND ND ND ND NA NS NS
n-Propylbenzene -- NYI NYI NYI ND ND ND ND ND NA NS NS
Tetrachloroethylene 7 NYI NYI NYI ND ND ND ND ND NA NS NS
Tetrahydrofuran -- NYI NYI NYI ND ND 35 7.8 ND NA NS NS
1,1,1-Trichloroethane 600 NYI NYI NYI ND ND ND ND ND NA NS NS
Toluene 1000 NYI NYI NYI ND ND ND ND ND NA NS NS
1,1,2-Trichloroethylene 30 NYI NYI NYI ND ND ND ND ND NA NS NS
Trichlorofluoromethane 2000 NYI NYI NYI ND ND ND ND ND NA NS NS
1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene -- NYI NYI NYI ND ND ND ND ND NA NS NS
1,3,5-Trimethylbenzene -- NYI NYI NYI ND ND ND ND ND NA NS NS
Vinyl Chloride 0.2 NYI NYI NYI ND ND ND ND ND NA NS NS
m,p-Xylene 10000* NYI NYI NYI ND ND ND ND ND NA NS NS
o-Xylene 10000* NYI NYI NYI ND ND ND ND ND NA NS NS
Diesel Range Organics -- NYI NYI NYI NA NA NA NA NA NA NS NS
Gasoline Range Organics -- NYI NYI NYI NA NA NA NA NA NA NS NS

NYI = Not yet installed
ND = Not detected
NA = Not analyzed
NS = Not Sampled
HRL = Minnesota Department of Health, Health Risk Limit
* = HRL established for mixture of isomers m, o, and p.
Shading indicates concentration exceeds HRL.
Sample vials for the 8/10/99 sampling event were broken in transit to the lab.


Table 3.

Summa Canister Monitoring Results
Compound AAC OSHA PEL 10/22/1998 2/11/1999 3/18/1999 5/4/1999 8/9/1999
AmeriPride HPU AmeriPride HPU AmeriPride HPU AmeriPride HPU AmeriPride HPU
Acetone   238,000 900 57 49 41 NA NA NA NA NA NA
Benzene* 4.94 325,000 5.7 2.6 12 4.6 NA NA NA NA NA NA
2-Butanone   790 25 11 150 NA NA NA NA NA NA
Carbon disulfide   1.7 4.3 3.4 <1.1 NA NA NA NA NA NA
Chloroform 23.47   1.5 <1 1.4 1.2 NA NA NA NA NA NA
Chloromethane 22.72   2 2.2 2 1.7 NA NA NA NA NA NA
1,4-Dichlorobenzene 450,000 1 20 68 9.5 NA NA NA NA NA NA
1,2-Dichlorobenzene 1.57 202,500 <1 <1 <1 <1.1 4.5 <1 <1 <2 <1 <1
cis-1,2-dichloroethene 790,000 3.8 <1 1.1 3.5 <2 <1 <1 <2 0.9 0.79
trans-1,2-dichloroethene 790,000 <1 <1 <1 <1.1 <2 <1 <1 <2 <1 <1
Ethylbenzene 435,000 16 2.1 11 3.3 NA NA NA NA NA NA
Methylene 19.08 86,750 1 1.5 <1 <1.1 NA NA NA NA NA NA
4-Methyl-2-pentanone   1.3 <1 2.1 1.6 NA NA NA NA NA NA
Styrene   426,000 <1 1.1 <1 <1.1 NA NA NA NA NA NA
Tetrachloroethylene 71.57 170,000 63 3.9 41 27 32 5.1 43 5.1 27 62
Toluene   375,000 110 43 6.3 18 NA NA NA NA NA NA
1,1,1-Trichloroethane 190,000 1 1.4 <1 1.5 <2 <1 <1 <2 <1 3.9
Trichloroethane 23.86 270,000 5.2 <1 2.7 3.1 8.6 2.4 1.7 <2 1.2 <1
Trichlorofluoromethane 5.5 4.3 4.4 1.6 NA NA NA NA NA NA
Trichlorotrifluoroethane 1.3 1.5 <1 <1.1 NA NA NA NA NA NA
Vinyl chloride 0.48 26,000 <1 <1 <1 <1.1 <2 <1 <1 <2 <1 <1
Xylenes   435,000 74 8.3 57 57 NA NA NA NA NA NA

Notes:
All concentrations in units of ug/m3
* denotes compound is a carcinogen
AAC = Acceptable Air Concentration
OSHA PEL = OSHA Permissible Exposure Limit, 8-hour time weighted average
NA = Not Analyzed
Bold indicates exceedance of AAC


C. APPENDIX III: CALCULATION OF ACCEPTABLE AIR CONCENTRATIONS

Calculation of Acceptable Air Concentration for Carcinogens


CERTIFICATION

This American Linen Public Health Assessment was prepared by the Minnesota Department of Health under a cooperative agreement with the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR). It is in accordance with approved methodology and procedures existing at the time the public health assessment was begun.

Alan W. Yarbrough
Technical Project Officer, SPS, SSAB, DHAC, ATSDR


The Division of Health Assessment and Consultation, ATSDR, has reviewed this public health assessment and concurs with the findings.

Lisa C. Hayes
for Chief, State Program Section, SSAB, DHAC, ATSDR


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