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PUBLIC HEALTH ASSESSMENT

VOLUNTEER ARMY AMMUNITION PLANT
CHATTANOOGA, HAMILTON COUNTY, TENNESSEE


FACILITY NO. TN6210020933

September 7, 2004


Table 3: Contaminants Detected above Comparison Values (CVs) in On-site Groundwater
Contaminant Minimum Detected(ppb) Maximum Detected(ppb) Frequency of Detection1 Comparison Value(ppb) Source
Organics
Acetone 0.96 2,000 34 118 1000 child RMEG
Benzene 0.25 0.73 2 127 0.6 CREG
Bis(2-Ethylhexyl) phthalate 0.83 92 13 121 3 CREG
Bromacil 2.6 200 30 95 90 LTHA
Carbon tetrachloride 1 1.3 3 127 0.3 CREG
Chloromethane 0.1 4.2 7 123 3 LTHA
1,2-Dichloroethane 3.2 6.3 2 123 0.4 CREG
Naphthalene 0.44 140 9 132 100 LTHA
Pentachlorophenol 16 30 2 122 0.3 CREG
1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane 1.7 3.8 2 123 0.2 CREG
Toluene 1.4 300 15 127 200 child intermediate EMEG
1,1,2-Trichloroethane 1.3 1.3 1 127 0.6 CREG
Explosives
2-Amino-4,6-dinitrotoluene 0.01 340 59 227 2.2 RBC-N (Aminodinitrotoluenes)
4-Amino-2,6-dinitrotoluene 0.021 1,400 60 220 2.2 RBC-N (Aminodinitrotoluenes)
3,5-Dinitroaniline 29 35 4 102 N/A N/A
1,3-Dinitrobenzene 0.01 300 46 416 1 LTHA
2,4-Dinitrotoluene 0.02 81,000 234 498 20 child chronic EMEG
2,6-Dinitrotoluene 0.01 33,000 208 494 40 child intermediate EMEG
Isodrin 0.00332 0.00332 1 190 N/A N/A
Nitrobenzene 0.08 92 14 444 5 child RMEG
2-Nitrotoluene 0.27 140,000 50 220 61 RBC-N
3-Nitrotoluene 0.2 12,000 55 321 120 RBC-N
4-Nitrotoluene 0.2 100,000 44 220 61 RBC-N
1,1,2-Trichloroethane 1.3 1.3 1 127 0.6 CREG
1,3,5-Trinitrobenzene 0.02 1,600 79 327 300 child RMEG
2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene 0.02 37,000 165 376 1 CREG
RDX 0.51 340 6 238 0.3 CREG
Pesticides and Polychlorinated Biphenyls
Aldrin 0.013 4.3 2 216 0.002 CREG
Alpha-BHC 0.00314 0.0213 6 217 0.006 CREG
Beta-BHC 0.026 0.74 4 216 0.02 CREG
Chlordane 31 31 1 205 0.1 CREG
4,4-DDD 0.00822 0.192 2 216 0.1 CREG
4,4-DDT 0.00414 0.35 5 217 0.1 CREG
Delta-BHC 0.00353 0.44 4 216 0.006 CREG (alpha-HCH)
Dieldrin 0.0133 0.0465 3 217 0.002 CREG
Endosulfan sulfate 0.00396 0.0535 7 216 20 chronic child EMEG (endosulfan)
Endrin aldehyde 0.123 0.172 2 211 3 chronic child EMEG (endrin)
Endrin ketone 0.00475 0.423 7 201 3 chronic child EMEG (endrin)
Heptachlor 0.0152 0.292 4 217 0.008 CREG
Heptachlor epoxide 0.00846 0.00905 2 216 0.004 CREG
Lindane 0.00402 0.145 6 217 0.1 child intermediate EMEG
Aroclor 1260 2.65 2.65 1 216 0.033 RBC-C
Inorganics
Aluminum 19.6 500,000 28 102 20,000 child intermediate EMEG
Antimony 16 16 1 123 4 child RMEG
Arsenic 2.79 35.7 6 157 0.02 CREG
Barium 2.99 1,150 91 102 700 child RMEG
Beryllium 1.33 74.2 15 131 20 child chronic EMEG
Boron 239 548 5 90 100 child intermediate EMEG
Cadmium 7.58 16.8 4 102 2 child chronic EMEG
Calcium 1110 720,000 144 148 N/A N/A
Chromium 1.3 129 6 102 100 LTHA
Cobalt 31.4 2,110 18 102 100 child intermediate EMEG
Copper 961 961 1 102 300 child intermediate EMEG
Fluoride 172 32,000 63 69 2,000 Secondary MCL
Iron 77.5 17,700 29 148 10,950 RBC-N
Lead 5.72 6,700 15 157 15 MCL action level
Manganese 6.9 51,000 68 148 500 child RMEG
Mercury 0.131 6.1 10 102 2 MCL
Molybdenum 158 158 1 90 40 LTHA
Nickel 3.6 936 7 102 100 LTHA
Nitrate 5.5 81,800 44 59 20,000 child RMEG
Nitrite 65 1,700 7 56 1,000 child RMEG
Nitrite/nitrate 19.9 1,600,000 169 233 10,000 MCL
Sulfate 291 8,600,000 124 178 250,000 Secondary MCL
Sulfide 1100 6,200 8 48 N/A N/A
Thallium 289 289 1 102 0.5 LTHA
Vanadium 45.5 86.6 2 102 30 child intermediate EMEG
Zinc 3.4 4,020 49 102 3,000 child chronic EMEG
Source: Army 2003c

Notes:
CREG Cancer Risk Evaluation Guideline for drinking water
EMEG Exposure Media Evaluation Guideline for drinking water
LTHA Lifetime health advisory for drinking water
MCL EPA maximum contaminant level for drinking water
N/A not available
ppb parts per billion
RBC-N EPA Region III Risk Based Concentration for tap water, non-carcinogenic effects
RBC-C EPA Region III Risk Based Concentration for tap water, carcinogenic effects
RMEG Reference Media Evaluation Guideline for drinking water


1 Frequency of detection = times detected/times sought


Table 4: Contaminants Detected above Comparison Values (CVs) in Off-site Groundwater
Contaminant Maximum Detected (ppb) Minimum Detected (ppb) Frequency of Detection1 Comparison Value (ppb) Source
Organics
Bis(2-Ethylhexyl) phthalate 260 260 1 46 3 CREG
Methylene chloride 6 6 1 5 5 CREG
Explosives
2-Amino-4-nitrotoluene 4 0.3 8 35 2.2 RBC-N (Aminodinitrotoluenes)
2-Amino-4,6-dinitrotoluene 2.8 0.02 25 150 2.2 RBC-N (Aminodinitrotoluenes)
4-Amino-2-nitrotoluene 1.1 0.176 7 35 2.2 RBC-N (Aminodinitrotoluenes)
4-Amino-2,6-dinitrotoluene 1.9 0.02 23 115 2.2 RBC-N (Aminodinitrotoluenes)
3,5-Dinitroaniline 2.42 1.1 5 77 N/A N/A
1,3-Dinitrobenzene 1.62 0.21 8 232 1 LTHA
Isodrin 0.00691 0.0034 2 84 N/A N/A
2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene 15 0.03 40 204 1 CREG
Pesticides and Polychlorinated Biphenyls
Chlordane 2.55 0.168 4 87 0.1 CREG
Dieldrin 0.0354 0.0165 4 87 0.002 CREG
Endrin ketone 0.00516 0.00516 1 84 3 chronic child EMEG (Endrin)
Heptachlor 0.0237 0.00429 2 87 0.008 CREG
Heptachlor epoxide 0.174 0.0246 2 87 0.004 CREG
Aroclor 1260 1.55 1.55 1 87 0.033 RBC-C
Inorganics
Aluminum 170000 79 32 92 20,000 child intermediate EMEG
Arsenic 49.2 3.15 5 123 0.02 CREG
Barium 2080 9.1 90 92 700 child RMEG
Boron 398 398 1 42 100 child intermediate EMEG
Cadmium 44.4 0.4 4 93 2 child chronic EMEG
Calcium 174000 748 44 44 N/A N/A
Chloride 336000 995 44 44 250,000 Secondary MCL
Chromium 389 0.6 7 93 100 LTHA
Cobalt 600 1.4 5 89 100 child intermediate EMEG
Copper 318 1.5 35 93 300 child intermediate EMEG
Iron 432000 17 54 92 10,950 RBC-N
Lead 31.3 5.86 2 47 15 MCL action level
Magnesium 33200 347 42 44 N/A N/A
Manganese 1280 10.4 19 44 500 child RMEG
Mercury 4.6 0.11 5 92 2 MCL
Nickel 382 3.8 6 93 100 LTHA
Nitrate 24900 1.5 9 10 20,000 child RMEG
Nitrite/nitrate 32000 44.8 78 141 10,000 MCL
Potassium 13700 1400 11 38 N/A N/A
Sodium 36000 1910 7 12 N/A N/A
Sulfide 1300 1000 3 6 N/A N/A
Thallium 10 10 1 90 0.5 LTHA
Vanadium 542 5.6 4 93 30 child intermediate EMEG
Zinc 4380 6.2 69 93 3,000 child chronic EMEG
Source: Army 2003c

Notes:
CREG Cancer Risk Evaluation Guideline for drinking water
EMEG Exposure Media Evaluation Guideline for drinking water
LTHA Lifetime health advisory for drinking water
MCL EPA maximum contaminant level for drinking water
N/A not available
ppb parts per billion
RBC-N EPA Region III Risk Based Concentration for tap water, non-carcinogenic effects
RBC-C EPA Region III Risk Based Concentration for tap water, carcinogenic effects
RMEG Reference Media Evaluation Guideline for drinking water


1 Frequency of detection = times detected/times sought


Table 5. Compounds Identified in Residential Well Sampling Events 1990 to 2002
Contaminant Minimum Detected (ppb) Maximum Detected (ppb) Frequency CV Exceeded1 Comparison Value (ppb) Source
Explosives
2-Amino-4,6-dinitrotoluene 0.18 2.8 -- 12 2.2 RBC-N (Aminodinitrotoluenes)
4-Amino-2,6-dinitrotoluene 0.25 1.5 -- 6 2.2 RBC-N (Aminodinitrotoluenes)
2-Amino-4-nitrotoluene 0.3 4 1 8 2.2 RBC-N (Aminodinitrotoluenes)
4-Amino-2-nitrotoluene 0.176 1.1 -- 7 2.2 RBC-N (Aminodinitrotoluenes)
3,5-Dinitroaniline 1.1 2.42 -- 5 N/A N/A
1,3-Dinitrobenzene 0.679 1.62 2 3 1 LTHA
2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene 0.033 1.6 1 11 1 CREG
Pesticides and Polychlorinated biphenyls
Chlordane 0.168 2.55 3 3 0.1 CREG
Dieldrin 0.0165 0.0354 3 3 0.002 CREG
Heptachlor epoxide 0.0246 0.174 2 2 0.004 CREG
Isodrin 0.0034 0.00691 -- 2 N/A N/A
Inorganics
Cadmium 0.4 8.1 1 3 2 child chronic EMEG
Iron 17 40000 3 24 10,950 RBC-N
Lead 1.8 110 5 18 15 MCL action level
Manganese 6.5 862 2 18 500 child RMEG
Nitrate 5126.8 24900 1 2 20,000 child RMEG
Nitrite/nitrate 130 32000 1 33 10,000 MCL
Sulfide 1200 1200 -- 1 N/A N/A
Thallium 10 10 1 1 0.5 LTHA
Vanadium 5.6 30.8 1 2 30 child intermediate EMEG
Source: Army 2003c

Notes:
-- unknown
CREG Cancer Risk Evaluation Guideline for drinking water
EMEG Exposure Media Evaluation Guideline for drinking water
LTHA Lifetime health advisory for drinking water
MCL EPA maximum contaminant level for drinking water
N/A not available
ppb parts per billion
RBC-N EPA Region III Risk Based Concentration for tap water, non-carcinogenic effects
RMEG Reference Media Evaluation Guideline for drinking water

1) Frequency CV Exceeded = times concentrations above CV/times detected
(This does not show the number of times the chemical was sampled for. Most of the chemicals were sampled for between 34 and 119 times and detected in less than 50% of the samples.)


Table 6: Contaminants Detected above Comparison Values (CVs) in Soil
Contaminant Maximum Detected (ppm) Year of Maximum Detection Comparison Value (ppm) Source
VAAP-1 (Industrial Reuse)
Explosives
2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene 630 1998 20 CREG
2,4-Dinitrotoluene 1,100 1998 1,000 adult chronic EMEG
Organics
bis(2-Ethylhexyl) phthalate 80 1994 50 CREG
Acenaphthylene 0.38 1994 N/A N/A
Benzo(ghi)perylene 2.3 1994 N/A N/A
Pentachlorophenol 20 1998 6 CREG
Phenanthrene 2.2 1998 N/A N/A
Pesticides and Polychlorinated biphenyls
Aldrin 0.0662 1998 0.04 CREG
4,4-DDT 45 1998 2 CREG
Heptachlor epoxide 0.28 1998 0.08 CREG
Isodrin 0.0596 1998 N/A N/A
Aroclor 1254 800 1998 10 adult chronic EMEG
Aroclor 1260 1,160 1998 1.4 RBC-C
Inorganics
Arsenic 91.2 1998 0.5 CREG
Iron 490,000 1998 310,000 RBC-N
Lead 50,400 1998 1,200 SSL
Manganese 11,200 1998 40,000 adult RMEG
Thallium 129 1994 72 RBC-N
VAAP-2 (Recreational Reuse)
Organics
3,3'-Dichlorobenzidine 27 1994 2 CREG
Acenaphthylene 6 1998 N/A N/A
Benzo(a)anthracene 40 1994 0.87 RBC-C
Benzo(a)pyrene 40 1994 0.1 CREG
Benzo(b)fluoranthene 60 1994 0.87 RBC-C
Benzo(ghi)perylene 22 1994 N/A N/A
Benzo(k)fluoranthene 21 1998 8.7 RBC-C
Dibenz(ah)anthracene 4.2 1998 0.087 RBC-C
Indeno(1,2,3-c,d)pyrene 19 1994 0.87 RBC-C
Phenanthrene 40 1994 N/A N/A
Pesticides and Polychlorinated biphenyls
4,4-DDT 27 1994 2 CREG
Dieldrin 0.0505 1994 0.04 CREG
Heptachlor epoxide 2.6 1994 0.08 CREG
Aroclor 1016 0.41 1999 0.32 RBC-C
Aroclor 1221 0.81 1999 0.32 RBC-C
Aroclor 1232 0.41 1999 0.32 RBC-C
Aroclor 1242 1.88 1998 0.32 RBC-C
Aroclor 1248 0.41 1994 0.32 RBC-C
Aroclor 1254 280 1994 1 child chronic EMEG
Aroclor 1260 592 1998 0.32 RBC-C
Inorganics
Aluminum 120,000 1994 100,000 child intermediate EMEG
Antimony 55 1994 20 child RMEG
Arsenic 1,700 1994 0.5 CREG
Barium 4,200 1994 4,000 child RMEG
Chromium 12,000 1994 200 child RMEG
Iron 210,000 1994 23,000 RBC-N
Lead 89,000 1994 400 SSL
Manganese 67,000 1994 3,000 child RMEG
Thallium 3,260 1994 5.5 RBC-N
Zinc 26,000 1994 20,000 child chronic EMEG
VAAP-3 (Recreational Reuse)
Inorganics
Arsenic 100 1999 0.5 CREG
Chromium 38.8 1998 200 child RMEG
Copper 107 1998 2000 child intermediate EMEG
Iron 42700 1998 23000 RBC-N
Lead 1470 1998 400 SSL
Manganese 4200 1999 3000 child RMEG
VAAP-4 (Industrial Reuse)
Organics
Acenaphthalene 0.52 1998 N/A N/A
Benzo(a)pyrene 1.6 1998 0.1 CREG
Benzo(g,h,i)perylene 0.7 1998 N/A N/A
Phenanthrene 1.4 1998 N/A N/A
Inorganics
Arsenic 19 1999 0.5 CREG
VAAP-5 (Industrial Reuse)
Explosives
2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene 2000 2001 20 CREG
Organics
Acenaphthylene 2.9 1994 N/A N/A
Benzo(a)anthracene 56 1994 3.9 RBC-C
Benzo(a)pyrene 44 1994 0.1 CREG
Benzo(b)fluoranthene 36 1994 3.9 RBC-C
Benzo(ghi)perylene 30 1994 N/A N/A
Dibenz(ah)anthracene 6.7 2001 0.39 RBC-C
Indeno(1,2,3-c,d)pyrene 32 2000 3.9 RBC-C
Phenanthrene 130 2000 N/A N/A
Inorganics
Arsenic 9.95 1994 0.5 CREG
VAAP-15 (Recreational Reuse)
Organics
Acenaphthylene 0.7 1994 N/A N/A
Benzo(a)anthracene 3.1 1994 0.87 RBC-C
Benzo(b)fluoranthene 2.9 1994 0.87 RBC-C
Benzo(ghi)perylene 1.5 1994 N/A N/A
Phenanthrene 9.2 1994 N/A N/A
Inorganics
Arsenic 58 1994 0.5 CREG
Iron 78200 1994 23000 RBC-N
Thallium 106 1994 5.5 RBC-N
VAAP-16 (Industrial Reuse)
Organics
Acenaphthylene 0.25 1994 N/A N/A
Benzo(ghi)perylene 0.63 1994 N/A N/A
Phenanthrene 1.4 1994 N/A N/A
Inorganics
Arsenic 27 1994 0.5 CREG
VAAP-20 (Recreational Reuse)
Organics
Acenaphthylene 1.5 1994 N/A N/A
Benzo(a)anthracene 6 1994 0.87 RBC-C
Benzo(a)pyrene 6 1994 0.1 CREG
Benzo(b)fluoranthene 6.8 1994 0.87 RBC-C
Benzo(ghi)perylene 3.9 1994 N/A N/A
Dibenz(ah)anthracene 0.78 1994 0.087 RBC-C
Phenanthrene 1.6 1994 N/A N/A
Pesticides and Polychlorinated biphenyls
Aroclor 1254 3.3 1994 1 child chronic EMEG
Inorganics
Arsenic 30.1 1994 0.5 CREG
Iron 49100 1994 23000 RBC-N
VAAP-21 (Industrial Reuse)
Organics
3-Methyl-4-chlorophenol 0.31 2000 N/A N/A
Acenaphthylene 0.034 2000 N/A N/A
Benzo(a)pyrene 0.35 2000 0.1 CREG
Benzo(ghi)perylene 0.24 2000 N/A N/A
Phenanthrene 2.2 2000 N/A N/A
Inorganics
Arsenic 33.5 2000 0.5 CREG
VAAP-23 (Recreational Reuse)
Organics
Benzo(a)pyrene 0.37 2000 0.1 CREG
Benzo(ghi)perylene 0.2 2000 N/A N/A
Phenanthrene 0.92 2000 N/A N/A
Inorganics
Arsenic 116 2000 0.5 CREG
VAAP-31 (Industrial Reuse)
Pesticides and Polychlorinated biphenyls
Dieldrin 0.091 1998 0.042 CREG
VAAP-32 (Industrial Reuse)
Explosives
4-Amino-2,6-dinitrotoluene 440 2001 61 RBC-N
2,4-Dinitrotoluene 80001 1993 1000 adult chronic EMEG
2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene 120000 1994 20 CREG
RDX 46.4 1994 6 CREG
Organics
Chloromethane 1 2000 N/A N/A
3,5-Dinitroaniline 3.9 1993 N/A N/A
2-Methyl-4,6-dinitrophenol 1.9 1994 N/A N/A
Acenaphthylene 10 1994 N/A N/A
Benzo(a)anthracene 70 1994 3.9 RBC-C
Benzo(a)pyrene 50 1994 0.1 CREG
Benzo(b)fluoranthene 80 1994 3.9 RBC-C
Benzo(ghi)perylene 30 1994 N/A N/A
Benzo(k)fluoranthene 70 1994 39 RBC-C
Dibenz(ah)anthracene 6 1994 0.39 RBC-C
Indeno(1,2,3-c,d)pyrene 20 1994 3.9 RBC-C
Phenanthrene 100 1994 N/A N/A
Pesticides and Polychlorinated biphenyls
Aldrin 1.1 1993 0.04 CREG
4,4-DDT 5.5 1993 2 CREG
Dieldrin 0.097 1994 0.04 CREG
Heptachlor 0.83 1993 0.2 CREG
Heptachlor epoxide 0.28 1994 0.08 CREG
Isodrin 1.4 1993 N/A N/A
Aroclor 1254 39 1993 10 adult chronic EMEG
Aroclor 1260 38 1993 1.4 RBC-C
Inorganics
Arsenic 720 1994 0.5 CREG
Lead 5100 1994 1200 SSL
Thallium 153 1994 72 RBC-N
VAAP-33 (Industrial Reuse)
Inorganics
Arsenic 48 1999 0.5 CREG
Source: Army 2003c

Notes:
CREG Cancer Risk Evaluation Guideline for drinking water
EMEG Exposure Media Evaluation Guideline for drinking water
N/A not available
ppm parts per million
RBC-N EPA Region III Risk Based Concentration for tap water, non-carcinogenic effects
RBC-C EPA Region III Risk Based Concentration for tap water, carcinogenic effects
RMEG Reference Media Evaluation Guideline for drinking water
SSL EPA Soil Screening Level


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