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Public Health Assessment
Drinking Water Supplies and Groundwater Pathway Evaluation,
Isla de Vieques Bombing Range,
Vieques, Puerto Rico

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October 16, 2001
Prepared by:

Federal Facilities Assessment Branch
Division of Health Assessment and Consultation
Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry

Historical Document

This Web site is provided by the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) ONLY as an historical reference for the public health community. It is no longer being maintained and the data it contains may no longer be current and/or accurate.

Preparers of Report

W. Mark Weber, Ph.D.
Geologist
Federal Facilities Assessment Branch
Division of Health Assessment and Consultation

Gary Campbell, Ph.D.
Environmental Health Scientist, Section Chief
Federal Facilities Assessment Branch
Division of Health Assessment and Consultation

Michelle Arbogast, M.S.
Environmental Scientist
Eastern Research Group

Emilio Gonzalez, P.E.
Environmental Health Scientist
Federal Facilities Assessment Branch
Division of Health Assessment and Consultation

Danielle DeVoney, Ph.D.
Toxicologist
Federal Facilities Assessment Branch
Division of Health Assessment and Consultation

References

Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR). 1992. Toxicological profile for boron. Atlanta: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; July 1992.

Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR). 1997. Toxicological profile for manganese. Atlanta: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; September 1997.

Austin Nutritional Research (ANR). 2000. Reference guide for minerals. Available from URL: http://www.realtime.net/anr/minerals.html.

Baker Environmental, Inc. (Baker). 1999. Vieques groundwater sampling information. November 15, 1999.

Bermudez W. 1998. Brief history of Vieques. Available from URL: http://www.vieques-island.com/hisindx.html.

CH2MHILL and Baker Environmental, Inc. (Baker). 1999. Results of the hydrogeologic investigation: Vieques Island, Puerto Rico; November 4, 1999.

Cherry GS and Ramos J. 1995. Water wells on Isla de Vieques, Puerto Rico. U.S. Geological Survey, Open-file report 95-368. San Juan, Puerto Rico: 1995.

Department of the Navy (Navy), Atlantic Division. 1990. Water quality study at the U.S. Atlantic Fleet Weapons Training Facility, Vieques Island, Puerto Rico: September 1990.

Department of the Navy (Navy). 2000. Environmental assessment for the transfer of the Naval Ammunition Support Detachment property, Vieques, Puerto Rico: November 2000.

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). 1984. National secondary drinking water regulations: Total dissolved solids. Washington, DC: June 1984.

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). 1988. Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS): Manganese. September 16, 1988. Available from URL: http://www.epa.gov/iriswebp/iris/subst/0373.htm.

United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). 1992. Drinking Water Health Advisory: Munitions. eds. Roberts WC and Hartley WR . Boca Raton, FL: Lewis Publishers. p. 181-199.

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). 1995. National primary drinking water regulations: Nitrates and nitrites. Washington, DC: October 1995.

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Caribbean Environmental Protection Division. 1999a. Interview with Engineer Rafael Cruz Perez, P.E. on the Contamination of Drinking Water by Explosives in Vieques, Puerto Rico. San Juan, Puerto Rico: August 4, 1999.

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Region 2 Division of Environmental Assessment, Monitoring and Assessment Branch. 1999b. Potable water storage tank and well sampling report: Vieques, Puerto Rico. Edison, NJ: November 5, 1999.

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Region 2. 1999c. Data Validation Results for Vieques, Puerto Rico. December 1, 1999.

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Region 2 Division of Environmental Assessment, Monitoring and Assessment Branch. 2000. Sampling of the Rio Blanco filter plant & Vieques public water supply tanks. Edison, NJ: March 21, 2000.

Feron VJ, Jonker D, Groten JP, Horbach GJMJ, Cassee FR, Schoen ED, Opdam JJG. 1993. Combination technology: From challenge to reality. Toxicology Tribune 14: 1-3.

Hoffsommer JC and Rosen JM. 1972. Analysis of Explosives in Sea Water. White Oak, Silver Spring, MD: 1972.

Hoffsommer JC and Glover DJ. 1978. Explosives analyses of water and soil samples taken on Vieques Island, Puerto Rico. White Oak, Silver Spring, MD: May 11-16 1978.

IT Corporation (IT). 2000. Atlantic Division Naval Facilities Engineering Command, Air dispersion modeling and related analyses for Inner Range operations, Vieques, Puerto Rico. Knoxville, TN: February 2000.

Lai MG. 1978. Explosion products content of water and soil samples taken on Vieques Island, Puerto Rico. White Oak Laboratory, Silver Spring, MD: May 11-16 1978.

Navy - see Department of Navy.

National Climatic Data Center (NCDC). 1994. Annual Climatological Summary for Vieques Island, Puerto Rico: May 1985 through January 1994.

Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC). 2000a. Letter from Luis A. Reyes to Carmen Feliciano Melecio concerning presence of depleted uranium on Vieques. Atlanta, GA: February 1, 2000.

Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC). 2000b. Environmental Survey Inspection Report, Vieques Island, Puerto Rico: September 28, 2000.

Puerto Rico Department of Health (PRDOH). 1995a. Data sheets concerning contamination at three Sun Bay wells on Isla de Vieques. San Juan, Puerto Rico: May 1995.

Puerto Rico Department of Health (PRDOH). 1995b. Data sheets concerning contamination at four B wells on Isla de Vieques. San Juan, Puerto Rico: May 1995.

Puerto Rico Department of Health (PRDOH). 1998. Sanitary Conditions Survey. Fajardo, Puerto Rico: July 21-24 1998.

Puerto Rico Department of Health (PRDOH). 1999. Investigation of the potable water in Vieques. San Juan, Puerto Rico: August 11, 1999.

Seed J, Brown R, Olin P, Stephen S, and Foran JA. 1995. Chemical Mixtures: Current Risk Assessment Methodologies and Future Directions. Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology 22:76-94.

Torres-Gonzalez S. 1989. Reconnaissance of the ground-water resources of Vieques Island, Puerto Rico. U.S. Geological Survey, Report 86-4100. San Juan, Puerto Rico: 1989.

Torres R, Tirado G, Roman A, Ramirez R, Colon H, Araujo A, Pais F, Maciniak W, Nobrega J, Bordalo e Sa A, Lopo Tuna JMC, Alves-Pereira M, Castelo Branco NAA. Vibroacoustic Disease Induced by Long-Term Exposure to Sonic Booms. Draft manuscript.

U.S. Bureau of the Census. 2000. Census of population and housing:  Summary Tape File. U.S. Department of Commerce. 2000.

U.S. Department of Agriculture and U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (USDA and USDHHS). 2000. Dietary guidelines for Americans. Available from URL: http://www.health.gov/dietaryguidelines/dga2000/dietGD.pdf. Washington, DC: 2000.

U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). 1997. Letter from Rafael Rodriguez to Winston Martinez concerning sampling of Navy wells in the NASD. March 3, 1997.

U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). 2000. African Dust Causes Widespread Environmental Distress. April 2000. Available from URL: http://coastal.er.usgs.gov/african-dust/events.html.

Young, GA. 1978. Environmental dispersion of the products of explosions of conventional ordnance at Vieques Island, Naval Surface Weapons Center: August 28, 1978.


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