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    Nitrate/Nitrite Toxicity

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    Tables and Figures

    Figures

    Figure 1. Structures of Nitrate and Nitrite Ions

    Figure 2. The Nitrogen Cycle

    Figure 3. Schematic diagram of the physiologic disposition of nitrate, nitrite, and nitric oxide (NO) from exogenous (dietary) and endogenous sources.

    Figure 4. Oxy-Hemoglobin Dissociation Curve

    Figure 5. Fetal Hemoglobin Saturation Curve

    Figure 6. Methylene Blue Pathway, Pharmacodynamics

    Tables

    Table 1. Nitrate Content of Selected Vegetables

    Table 2. Reported Inducers of Methemoglobinemia

    Table 3. Signs and Symptoms of Methemoglobinemia

    Table 4. Suggested Lab Tests for Methemoglobinemia Workup

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    Last Reviewed: May 24, 2023
    Source: Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry
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    homeNitrate/Nitrite Toxicity
    • Cover Page
    • Table of Contents
    • How to Use This Course
    • Initial Check
    • What Are Nitrates and Nitrites?
    • Where Are Nitrates and Nitrites Found?
    • Routes of Exposure to Nitrates and Nitrites
    • Who Is at Most Risk
    • U.S. Standards and Regulations
    • Biologic Fate of Nitrates and Nitrites
    • What Are the Health Effects from Exposure
    • Clinical Assessment – Evaluation
    • Clinical Assessment – Laboratory Tests
    • How Should Patients Be Treated and Managed?
    • What Instructions Should Be Given to Patients?
    • Sources of Additional Information
    • Literature Cited
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